Introduction

The concept of authority and the believer's response to it is a significant theme throughout the Bible. Authority is established by God, and the Scriptures provide guidance on how individuals should respond to both divine and human authority. This entry explores biblical teachings on authority, focusing on key passages and principles that inform a Christian's response to authority figures.

Divine Authority

The ultimate authority in the life of a believer is God Himself. The Bible begins with the assertion of God's sovereign authority over creation: "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth" (Genesis 1:1). God's authority is absolute, and His commands are to be obeyed without question. The Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1-17) serve as a foundational expression of God's moral authority over His people.

Human Authority

Human authority is instituted by God and is meant to reflect His order and justice. Romans 13:1-2 states, "Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves." This passage underscores the divine origin of human authority and the believer's duty to submit to it.

Authority in the Family

The family is a primary sphere where authority is exercised. Ephesians 5:22-24 instructs, "Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, His body, of which He is the Savior. Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything." Similarly, children are instructed to obey their parents: "Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right" (Ephesians 6:1).

Authority in the Church

Church leadership is another area where authority is recognized. Hebrews 13:17 advises, "Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls as those who must give an account. To this end, allow them to lead with joy and not with grief, for that would be of no advantage to you." This passage highlights the responsibility of church leaders and the importance of congregational submission to their guidance.

Authority in Society

Believers are called to respect and honor civil authorities. 1 Peter 2:13-14 instructs, "Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether to the king as the supreme authority, or to governors as those sent by him to punish evildoers and praise well-doers." This submission is not blind allegiance but is done "for the Lord’s sake," recognizing God's sovereignty over all human institutions.

Limits to Authority

While the Bible emphasizes submission to authority, it also acknowledges limits. When human authority contradicts God's commands, believers must obey God rather than men. Acts 5:29 records Peter and the apostles' response to the Sanhedrin: "We must obey God rather than men." This principle establishes the priority of divine authority over human authority when the two are in conflict.

Attitude Toward Authority

The attitude with which believers respond to authority is crucial. Philippians 2:14-15 encourages, "Do everything without complaining or arguing, so that you may be blameless and pure, children of God without fault in a crooked and perverse generation, in which you shine as lights in the world." A respectful and obedient attitude reflects a heart submitted to God.

Conclusion

The Bible provides comprehensive guidance on responding to authority, emphasizing submission, respect, and obedience while recognizing the ultimate authority of God. Believers are called to navigate their relationships with authority figures in a manner that honors God and reflects His order and justice.