Topical Bible: Oath: David Swears not to Eat Until the Sun Goes Down

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Topical Encyclopedia

In the biblical narrative, oaths hold significant weight as solemn promises or commitments made before God and others. One notable instance of an oath is found in the life of David, the anointed king of Israel, who swears not to eat until the sun goes down. This event is recorded in 1 Samuel 14, during a time of conflict between Israel and the Philistines.

Context and Background

The context of this oath is set during the reign of King Saul, David's predecessor. The Israelites were engaged in battle with the Philistines, and Saul had placed the army under a strict oath, saying, "Cursed is the man who eats food before evening comes, before I have avenged myself on my enemies" (1 Samuel 14:24). This oath was intended to motivate the troops to fight with greater intensity, but it also placed them under significant physical strain.

David's Oath

Although the specific instance of David swearing not to eat until the sun goes down is not directly recorded in the Berean Standard Bible, the broader narrative of oaths and their implications can be understood through the actions and decisions of David throughout his life. David, known for his deep faith and reliance on God, often made vows and oaths that reflected his commitment to God's will and his leadership responsibilities.

In the context of 1 Samuel 14, it is Jonathan, Saul's son, who unknowingly breaks Saul's oath by eating honey. When informed of the oath, Jonathan criticizes his father's decision, highlighting the detrimental effect it had on the troops. This incident underscores the gravity and potential consequences of oaths made in haste or without divine guidance.

Theological Significance

From a theological perspective, oaths in the Bible are seen as binding commitments that should not be taken lightly. They are often made in the presence of God, invoking His name as a witness to the promise. The narrative of Saul's oath and its impact on the Israelite army serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of seeking God's wisdom before making such binding declarations.

David's life, characterized by his reliance on God and his careful consideration of his actions, provides a contrast to Saul's impulsive oath. While the specific instance of David swearing not to eat until the sun goes down is not detailed in the Berean Standard Bible, his overall approach to leadership and decision-making reflects a deep understanding of the weight of oaths and the necessity of aligning them with God's will.

Conclusion

The account of oaths in the life of David and the broader biblical narrative emphasizes the importance of making promises with careful consideration and divine guidance. Oaths are not merely human agreements but are seen as sacred commitments before God, carrying both spiritual and practical implications for those who make them.

Nave's Topical Index

2 Samuel 3:35
And when all the people came to cause David to eat meat while it was yet day, David swore, saying, So do God to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or ought else, till the sun be down.
Nave's Topical Index

Library

The First Apology of Justin, the Martyr
... to immortality, introducing a witness who swears that he ... David uttered the words
quoted above fifteen hundred years ... of the land; but if you will not listen to ...
/.../richardson/early christian fathers/the first apology of justin.htm

Life and Works of Rufinus with Jerome's Apology Against Rufinus.
... example, but rather that of the patriarch David, who, when ... how new and terrible a
form of oath this is ... intervals of scourgings and tortures, he swears that he ...
/.../various/life and works of rufinus with jeromes apology against rufinus /

The Life and Death of Mr. Badman,
... in vain,' which a man may do when he swears to a ... in his calling; especially with
such an oath-master that ... Thus Shimei cursed David; he sentenced him for and to ...
/.../bunyan/the works of john bunyan volumes 1-3/the life and death of.htm