Introduction

The term "Christ" is derived from the Greek word "Christos," meaning "Anointed One," which corresponds to the Hebrew "Mashiach" or "Messiah." In Christian theology, Jesus is recognized as the Christ, the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the coming Messiah. This entry explores the identity, mission, and significance of Jesus as the Christ, drawing from biblical texts and theological insights.

Old Testament Prophecies

The Old Testament contains numerous prophecies that Christians believe point to Jesus as the Messiah. Key passages include Isaiah 7:14, which foretells the virgin birth: "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and will call Him Immanuel." Isaiah 53 describes the suffering servant, a figure Christians identify with Jesus, who bears the sins of many. Micah 5:2 predicts the Messiah's birthplace: "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans of Judah, out of you will come forth for Me one to be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient times."

New Testament Fulfillment

The New Testament presents Jesus as the fulfillment of these messianic prophecies. In the Gospel of Matthew, the genealogy of Jesus is traced to David, affirming His royal lineage (Matthew 1:1-17). The angel's announcement to Mary in Luke 1:31-33 declares Jesus' divine mission: "You will conceive and give birth to a son, and you are to give Him the name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David."

Jesus' Ministry and Teachings

Jesus' public ministry, as recorded in the Gospels, further establishes His identity as the Christ. He performs miracles, teaches with authority, and fulfills the law. In Luke 4:18-21, Jesus reads from Isaiah in the synagogue, proclaiming, "Today this Scripture is fulfilled in your hearing," identifying Himself as the anointed one sent to bring good news to the poor and freedom to the oppressed.

The Crucifixion and Resurrection

Central to the Christian understanding of Jesus as the Christ is His crucifixion and resurrection. Jesus' sacrificial death is seen as the atonement for humanity's sins, fulfilling the role of the suffering servant in Isaiah 53. In 1 Corinthians 15:3-4, Paul emphasizes the importance of these events: "For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures."

The Ascension and Second Coming

After His resurrection, Jesus ascended into heaven, as described in Acts 1:9-11. The promise of His return is a cornerstone of Christian eschatology. In Revelation 19:11-16, Jesus is depicted as the victorious King of Kings and Lord of Lords, who will return to judge the living and the dead.

Titles and Roles

Throughout the New Testament, Jesus is referred to by various titles that underscore His messianic role. He is the "Son of God" (John 1:34), "Lamb of God" (John 1:29), "Good Shepherd" (John 10:11), and "Light of the World" (John 8:12). Each title reflects a different aspect of His mission and character as the Christ.

Theological Significance

The recognition of Jesus as the Christ is foundational to Christian faith. It affirms His divine nature, His role in salvation history, and His ongoing presence and work in the world through the Holy Spirit. As the Christ, Jesus is the mediator between God and humanity, the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan, and the hope of eternal life for believers.