Philemon 1:11

Formerly he was useless to you, but now he has become useful both to you and to me.

Study Bible

Formerly he was useless to you
This phrase refers to Onesimus, a slave who belonged to Philemon. In the cultural context of the Roman Empire, slaves were considered property and their value was often tied to their productivity and loyalty. Onesimus, whose name means "useful" or "profitable," ironically had not lived up to his name in his previous relationship with Philemon. His "uselessness" could have been due to his escape, which would have been seen as a breach of trust and a loss of labor for Philemon. This situation highlights the transformative power of the gospel, as Paul is about to explain how Onesimus's status has changed.

but now he has become useful
The transformation of Onesimus is a testament to the redemptive work of Christ. After meeting Paul and converting to Christianity, Onesimus's life took a new direction. This change is emblematic of the new creation mentioned in 2 Corinthians 5:17, where believers are made new in Christ. Onesimus's newfound usefulness is not just in a practical sense but also in a spiritual one, as he becomes a fellow worker in the ministry. This reflects the biblical theme of redemption and restoration, where God takes what is broken or lost and makes it whole and valuable again.

both to you and to me
Paul emphasizes the mutual benefit that Onesimus now provides. To Philemon, Onesimus is no longer just a runaway slave but a brother in Christ, as Paul later appeals for Philemon to accept him as such (Philemon 1:16). This reflects the early Christian teaching found in Galatians 3:28, where social distinctions are transcended in the body of Christ. To Paul, Onesimus has become a valuable assistant during his imprisonment, likely helping with the logistics of Paul's ministry and providing companionship. This dual usefulness underscores the unity and equality found in the Christian community, where each member contributes to the well-being of others, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:12-27.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Philemon
A Christian leader in Colossae, likely a wealthy man who hosted a house church. Paul addresses him as a beloved friend and fellow worker.

2. Onesimus
A slave who belonged to Philemon. He ran away and met Paul, through whom he became a Christian. His name means "useful" or "profitable."

3. Paul
The apostle who wrote this letter while imprisoned. He is advocating for Onesimus, whom he has grown to love as a son in the faith.

4. Colossae
The city where Philemon lived. It was a significant center for early Christianity and the location of the church to which Paul wrote the letter to the Colossians.

5. Imprisonment of Paul
The context in which Paul writes this letter, highlighting his ongoing ministry despite his physical constraints.

Teaching Points

Transformation in Christ
Onesimus's account is a powerful example of how Christ transforms lives. No matter one's past, in Christ, there is potential for a new beginning and purpose.

Reconciliation and Forgiveness
Paul’s appeal to Philemon to accept Onesimus back as a brother in Christ emphasizes the importance of reconciliation and forgiveness within the Christian community.

The Value of Every Individual
Onesimus, once considered "useless," becomes valuable in the service of the Gospel. This teaches us to see the potential in every person, regardless of their past.

Intercession and Advocacy
Paul’s role as an advocate for Onesimus highlights the importance of standing in the gap for others, especially those who are vulnerable or marginalized.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the transformation of Onesimus from "useless" to "useful" illustrate the power of the Gospel in changing lives?

2. In what ways can we practice reconciliation and forgiveness in our own relationships, as Paul encourages Philemon to do with Onesimus?

3. How can we identify and nurture the potential in others, especially those who may be overlooked or undervalued in our communities?

4. What role does advocacy play in the Christian life, and how can we be advocates for those who need support and encouragement?

5. How does the account of Onesimus challenge us to view our own past mistakes and the mistakes of others in light of God's grace and redemption?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Colossians 4:9
Onesimus is mentioned as a faithful and beloved brother, showing his transformation and acceptance in the Christian community.

2 Corinthians 5:17
This verse speaks about becoming a new creation in Christ, which parallels Onesimus's transformation from "useless" to "useful."

Ephesians 4:28
Encourages believers to work honestly and be useful, reflecting the change in Onesimus's life.