Numbers 27:21
He shall stand before Eleazar the priest, who will seek counsel for him before the LORD by the judgment of the Urim. At his command, he and all the Israelites with him--the entire congregation--will go out and come in."
He shall stand before Eleazar the priest
This phrase emphasizes the importance of spiritual leadership and guidance in the life of the Israelites. Eleazar, the son of Aaron, represents the continuation of the priestly line and the role of the priest as an intermediary between God and His people. The Hebrew root for "stand" (עָמַד, 'amad) implies a position of readiness and respect, indicating that Joshua, the leader, must approach with humility and reverence. This highlights the necessity of seeking divine guidance through established spiritual authorities.

who will obtain decisions for him
The role of Eleazar is to seek God's will on behalf of Joshua. The Hebrew word for "obtain decisions" (שָׁאַל, sha'al) can also mean to inquire or ask, suggesting a process of seeking divine wisdom. This reflects the biblical principle that leaders should not rely solely on their understanding but should seek God's direction in their decisions, reinforcing the idea that true wisdom comes from God.

by inquiring of the Urim
The Urim, along with the Thummim, were sacred lots used by the high priest to discern God's will. The exact nature of the Urim is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a part of the priestly garments, possibly stones or objects used for casting lots. This practice underscores the belief in God's sovereignty and His willingness to guide His people through established means. The use of the Urim signifies a tangible connection to divine guidance, reminding believers of the importance of seeking God's will in all matters.

before the LORD
This phrase indicates that the inquiry is made in the presence of God, emphasizing His omnipresence and the sacredness of the act. The Hebrew word for "before" (לִפְנֵי, lifnei) suggests being in the face of or in the presence of, highlighting the direct relationship between God and His people. It serves as a reminder that all actions and decisions are ultimately accountable to God, who is the ultimate authority.

At his command
This refers to the authority given to Joshua as the leader of the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "command" (פָּקַד, paqad) implies a sense of oversight and responsibility. Joshua's leadership is not autonomous but is exercised under divine guidance, illustrating the biblical principle that true leadership is servanthood under God's direction.

he and the entire congregation of the Israelites
This phrase emphasizes the collective nature of the Israelite community. The Hebrew word for "congregation" (עֵדָה, edah) refers to an assembly or gathering, highlighting the unity and shared purpose of God's people. It underscores the importance of communal obedience and the idea that the actions of the leader affect the entire community.

will go out and come in
This expression is a Hebrew idiom for conducting daily affairs, including military campaigns and other activities. It signifies the totality of life and the need for God's guidance in every aspect. The phrase suggests a rhythm of life under God's direction, where every action is undertaken with His blessing and oversight. It serves as a reminder that believers are to live their lives in constant awareness of God's presence and guidance.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Eleazar the Priest
The son of Aaron, Eleazar served as the high priest after Aaron's death. He played a crucial role in seeking God's guidance for the Israelites.

2. Urim
A divinely ordained tool used by the high priest to discern God's will. The Urim, along with the Thummim, was used for making decisions and seeking divine guidance.

3. The LORD
The covenant name of God, Yahweh, who is the ultimate authority and guide for the Israelites.

4. The Congregation of the Israelites
The collective body of the Israelite people, who were to follow the guidance received through Eleazar and the Urim.

5. Joshua
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, Joshua is the leader who is to stand before Eleazar to receive God's guidance for leading the people.
Teaching Points
Divine Guidance
God provides specific means for His people to seek His will. In the Old Testament, this was through the Urim and Thummim; today, it is through prayer, Scripture, and the Holy Spirit.

Role of Spiritual Leaders
Just as Eleazar was instrumental in guiding the Israelites, spiritual leaders today are called to seek God's will and guide their congregations accordingly.

Community Obedience
The Israelites were to act as a community in obedience to God's direction. Similarly, the church today is called to unity and collective obedience to God's guidance.

Faith in God's Sovereignty
Trusting in God's decisions, even when they come through human intermediaries, reflects faith in His sovereignty and wisdom.

Seeking God's Will
Believers are encouraged to actively seek God's will in their lives, trusting that He will provide guidance through His appointed means.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the role of Eleazar in seeking God's guidance through the Urim compare to the role of spiritual leaders today?

2. In what ways can we seek God's guidance in our personal lives, and how does this reflect the principles seen in Numbers 27:21?

3. How does the concept of community obedience in this passage apply to the modern church?

4. What are some practical ways we can demonstrate trust in God's sovereignty when making decisions?

5. How do other scriptures, such as Proverbs 3:5-6, reinforce the importance of seeking and trusting in God's guidance?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 28:30
This verse describes the Urim and Thummim being placed in the breastpiece of judgment, highlighting their role in decision-making.

1 Samuel 28:6
Illustrates a time when Saul sought guidance from the LORD through the Urim, showing its continued use in Israel's history.

Proverbs 3:5-6
Encourages believers to trust in the LORD for guidance, paralleling the reliance on divine direction seen in Numbers 27:21.
Preparing for the EndD. Young Numbers 27:12-23
A Model Ordination ServiceW. Jones.Numbers 27:16-23
The God of the Spirits of All FleshS. Thodey.Numbers 27:16-23
The Spiritual Leaders of MenHomilistNumbers 27:16-23
The Qualifications for the Public Service of GodE.S. Prout Numbers 27:18-21
The Solicitude Relieved by the Appointment of JoshuaD. Young Numbers 27:18-23
People
Aaron, Eleazar, Hepher, Hoglah, Israelites, Joseph, Joshua, Korah, Machir, Mahlah, Manasseh, Milcah, Moses, Noah, Nun, Tirzah, Zelophehad
Places
Abarim, Jericho, Kadesh-barnea, Meribah, Zin
Topics
Assembly, Command, Community, Company, Congregation, Counsel, Decisions, Directions, Eleazar, Elea'zar, Entire, Inquire, Inquiring, Israelites, Judgment, Lights, Moreover, Obtain, Priest, Sons, Stand, Standeth, Urim
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Numbers 27:21

     1403   God, revelation
     4912   chance
     7377   high priest, OT
     7392   lots, casting of
     7734   leaders, spiritual
     8128   guidance, receiving

Numbers 27:18-21

     8648   enquiring of God

Numbers 27:18-23

     7372   hands, laying on

Library
The First Blast of the Trumpet
The English Scholar's Library etc. No. 2. The First Blast of the Trumpet &c. 1558. The English Scholar's Library of Old and Modern Works. No. 2. The First Blast of the Trumpet &c. 1558. Edited by EDWARD ARBER, F.S.A., etc., LECTURER IN ENGLISH LITERATURE, ETC., UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON. SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N. 15 August 1878. No. 2. (All rights reserved.) CONTENTS. Bibliography vii-viii Introduction
John Knox—The First Blast of the Trumpet

Epistle xxviii. To Augustine, Bishop of the Angli .
To Augustine, Bishop of the Angli [136] . Gregory to Augustine, &c. Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men of good will (Luke ii. 14); because a grain of wheat, falling into the earth, has died, that it might not reign in heaven alone; even He by whose death we live, by whose weakness we are made strong, by whose suffering we are rescued from suffering, through whose love we seek in Britain for brethren whom we knew not, by whose gift we find those whom without knowing them we sought.
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Paul's Departure and Crown;
OR, AN EXPOSITION UPON 2 TIM. IV. 6-8 ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR How great and glorious is the Christian's ultimate destiny--a kingdom and a crown! Surely it hath not entered into the heart of man to conceive what ear never heard, nor mortal eye ever saw? the mansions of the blest--the realms of glory--'a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory.' For whom can so precious an inheritance be intended? How are those treated in this world who are entitled to so glorious, so exalted, so eternal,
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

The Fifth Commandment
Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.' Exod 20: 12. Having done with the first table, I am next to speak of the duties of the second table. The commandments may be likened to Jacob's ladder: the first table respects God, and is the top of the ladder that reaches to heaven; the second respects superiors and inferiors, and is the foot of the ladder that rests on the earth. By the first table, we walk religiously towards God; by
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Numbers
Like the last part of Exodus, and the whole of Leviticus, the first part of Numbers, i.-x. 28--so called,[1] rather inappropriately, from the census in i., iii., (iv.), xxvi.--is unmistakably priestly in its interests and language. Beginning with a census of the men of war (i.) and the order of the camp (ii.), it devotes specific attention to the Levites, their numbers and duties (iii., iv.). Then follow laws for the exclusion of the unclean, v. 1-4, for determining the manner and amount of restitution
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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