Numbers 26:33

Now Zelophehad son of Hepher had no sons but only daughters. The names of his daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.

Study Bible

Now Zelophehad son of Hepher had no sons but only daughters.
Zelophehad was a member of the tribe of Manasseh, one of the tribes of Israel. The mention of his lack of sons is significant in the context of ancient Israelite society, where inheritance and family lineage were typically passed through male descendants. This situation sets the stage for a pivotal legal case regarding inheritance rights for daughters, which is later addressed in Numbers 27. The absence of sons in Zelophehad's family highlights the importance of preserving family names and property within the tribes of Israel, a concern that is addressed by God through Moses.

The names of his daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.
The listing of Zelophehad's daughters by name is notable, as it underscores their importance in the biblical narrative. Each name carries its own meaning and significance. Mahlah means "sickness" or "disease," Noah means "motion" or "rest," Hoglah means "partridge," Milcah means "queen" or "counsel," and Tirzah means "delight" or "pleasure." These names reflect the cultural practice of naming children with meanings that may reflect circumstances of birth or parental hopes. The daughters of Zelophehad are later recognized for their faith and boldness in approaching Moses to claim their inheritance rights, which leads to a change in the law that allows daughters to inherit if there are no sons. This legal precedent is a significant moment in biblical history, demonstrating God's justice and care for all members of His people, regardless of gender.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Zelophehad
A member of the tribe of Manasseh, son of Hepher. He had no sons, which was significant in the context of inheritance laws in ancient Israel.

2. Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah
The five daughters of Zelophehad. Their mention is significant as they later petition Moses for the right to inherit their father's land, challenging the traditional inheritance laws.

3. Tribe of Manasseh
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Joseph's son Manasseh. The tribe's inheritance and lineage are part of the broader account of the Israelites' journey and settlement in the Promised Land.

Teaching Points

Courage to Challenge Injustice
Zelophehad's daughters exemplify the courage to stand up for what is right, even when it goes against societal norms. Believers are encouraged to seek justice and fairness in their communities.

God's Provision and Justice
The account illustrates God's concern for justice and provision for all His people, regardless of gender. It reminds us that God sees and cares for the marginalized.

The Role of Women in God's Plan
This account highlights the significant role women can play in God's unfolding plan, encouraging believers to recognize and support the contributions of women in the church and society.

Faith in Action
The daughters' faith in God's promises led them to take action. Believers are encouraged to trust in God's promises and act in faith, even when the outcome is uncertain.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the account of Zelophehad's daughters teach us about God's view of justice and equality?

2. How can we apply the courage of Zelophehad's daughters in our own lives when facing unjust situations?

3. In what ways does the account of Zelophehad's daughters challenge traditional views of inheritance and gender roles?

4. How does the resolution of this account in Numbers 27:1-11 and Joshua 17:3-6 demonstrate God's faithfulness to His people?

5. How can the principles seen in this account be applied to modern issues of gender equality and justice within the church and society?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 27:1-11
This passage details the petition of Zelophehad's daughters to Moses, requesting the right to inherit their father's land. It highlights their courage and the subsequent change in inheritance laws.

Joshua 17:3-6
This passage confirms the fulfillment of the daughters' request, as they receive their inheritance among their father's brothers, demonstrating God's justice and provision.

Galatians 3:28
This New Testament verse speaks to the equality of all believers in Christ, echoing the theme of breaking traditional barriers seen in the account of Zelophehad's daughters.