Nehemiah 11:21
The temple servants lived on the hill of Ophel, with Ziha and Gishpa over them.
The temple servants
The temple servants, also known as the Nethinim, were a group assigned to assist the Levites in the service of the temple. Their origins trace back to the Gibeonites, who were made servants to the Levites after deceiving Joshua (Joshua 9:27). They played a crucial role in maintaining the daily operations of the temple, ensuring that the Levites could focus on their priestly duties. This group highlights the importance of service and support roles within the community of faith.

lived on the hill of Ophel
Ophel is a significant geographical location in Jerusalem, situated between the City of David and the Temple Mount. Archaeological findings have confirmed its use during the time of Nehemiah, providing evidence of its strategic importance. Living on Ophel allowed the temple servants to be close to the temple, facilitating their duties. This location underscores the centrality of the temple in the life of Jerusalem and the prioritization of worship and service in the community.

with Ziha and Gishpa over them
Ziha and Gishpa were leaders or overseers of the temple servants. Their mention indicates an organized structure within the temple service, ensuring that tasks were managed efficiently. Leadership in the biblical context often involved stewardship and accountability, reflecting the broader biblical principle of order and responsibility in service to God. This structure can be seen as a precursor to the New Testament church's organization, where roles and responsibilities are clearly defined for the edification of the body of Christ (Ephesians 4:11-12).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Temple Servants (Nethinim)
These were individuals dedicated to assisting the Levites in the service of the temple. Their role was crucial in maintaining the daily operations and rituals of the temple.

2. Hill of Ophel
A fortified area in Jerusalem, located between the City of David and the Temple Mount. It was a strategic and significant location for those serving in the temple.

3. Ziha and Gishpa
Leaders or overseers of the temple servants. Their responsibility was to ensure the proper functioning and organization of the temple service.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Service
The temple servants, though not as prominent as priests or Levites, played a vital role in the worship and functioning of the temple. This teaches us that every role in the body of Christ is important, and service, no matter how humble, is valuable in God's eyes.

Leadership and Responsibility
Ziha and Gishpa's leadership over the temple servants highlights the importance of responsible and faithful leadership in the church. Leaders are called to guide, organize, and support those under their care.

Community and Worship
The placement of the temple servants on the hill of Ophel signifies the integration of community living with worship. Our daily lives should be closely connected to our worship and service to God.

Historical Continuity
The mention of temple servants connects the post-exilic community to their historical roots, reminding us of the continuity of God's plan and the faithfulness of His people throughout generations.
Bible Study Questions
1. What can we learn from the role of the temple servants about the value of service in the church today?

2. How does the leadership of Ziha and Gishpa over the temple servants inform our understanding of biblical leadership?

3. In what ways can we integrate our daily lives with our worship and service to God, similar to the temple servants living on the hill of Ophel?

4. How does the historical role of the Nethinim enhance our understanding of God's faithfulness to His people throughout history?

5. What other biblical examples of humble service can we find, and how do they inspire us to serve in our own communities?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Ezra 2:43-58
This passage lists the temple servants who returned from exile, highlighting their importance in the restoration of temple worship.

1 Chronicles 9:2
This verse mentions the Nethinim among those who settled in Jerusalem, emphasizing their role in the community and temple service.

Joshua 9:27
The Gibeonites were assigned as temple servants, showing the historical roots of the Nethinim and their integration into Israelite society.
The True CentralisationR.A. Redford Nehemiah 11:1-36
Three Elements in the Church of ChristW. Clarkson Nehemiah 11:3-36
People
Abda, Adaiah, Ahitub, Akkub, Amariah, Amashai, Amzi, Ananiah, Anathoth, Arba, Asaph, Athaiah, Azareel, Azrikam, Bakbukiah, Bani, Baruch, Benjamin, Benjamites, Bunni, Colhozeh, Gabbai, Galal, Gispa, Hashabiah, Hashub, Hasshub, Hazaiah, Hilkiah, Immer, Isaiah, Israelites, Ithiel, Jachin, Jedaiah, Jeduthun, Jeroham, Jesaiah, Jeshaiah, Jeshua, Joed, Joel, Joiarib, Jozabad, Kolaiah, Levites, Maaseiah, Malchiah, Malchijah, Mattaniah, Meraioth, Meshezabeel, Meshillemoth, Meshullam, Micha, Pashur, Pedaiah, Pelaliah, Pelet, Perez, Pethahiah, Sallai, Sallu, Senuah, Seraiah, Shabbethai, Shammua, Shelah, Shemaiah, Shephatiah, Shiloni, Shual, Solomon, Talmon, Uzzi, Uzziah, Zabdi, Zabdiel, Zadok, Zechariah, Zerah, Zichri, Ziha
Places
Adullam, Aija, Ananiah, Anathoth, Azekah, Beersheba, Bethel, Beth-pelet, Dibon, En-rimmon, Geba, Gittaim, Hadid, Hazar-shual, Hazor, Jarmuth, Jekabzeel, Jerusalem, Jeshua, Kiriath-arba, Lachish, Lod, Meconah, Michmash, Moladah, Neballat, Nob, Ono, Ophel, Ramah, Valley of Hinnom, Zanoah, Zeboim, Ziklag, Zorah
Topics
Charge, Dwelling, Dwelt, Gishpa, Gispa, Hill, Nethinim, Nethinims, Ophel, Servants, Temple, Ziha
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Nehemiah 11:19

     5323   gate
     5324   gatekeepers

Library
Lydda
"Lydda was a village, not yielding to a city in greatness." Concerning its situation, and distance from Jerusalem, the Misna hath these words: "The vineyard of four years" (that is, the fruit of a vineyard now of four years' growth; for, for the first three years, they were trees, as it were, not circumcised) "was brought to Jerusalem, in the space of a day's journey on every side. Now these were the bounds of it; Elath on the south; Acrabatta on the north; Lydda on the west; and Jordan on the east."
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah
"And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah, out of thee shall come forth unto Me (one) [Pg 480] to be Ruler in Israel; and His goings forth are the times of old, the days of eternity." The close connection of this verse with what immediately precedes (Caspari is wrong in considering iv. 9-14 as an episode) is evident, not only from the [Hebrew: v] copulative, and from the analogy of the near relation of the announcement of salvation to the prophecy of disaster
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Ezra-Nehemiah
Some of the most complicated problems in Hebrew history as well as in the literary criticism of the Old Testament gather about the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Apart from these books, all that we know of the origin and early history of Judaism is inferential. They are our only historical sources for that period; and if in them we have, as we seem to have, authentic memoirs, fragmentary though they be, written by the two men who, more than any other, gave permanent shape and direction to Judaism, then
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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