Daniel 8:23
In the latter part of their reign, when the rebellion has reached its full measure, an insolent king, skilled in intrigue, will come to the throne.
In the latter part of their reign
This phrase refers to the period towards the end of the rule of the four kingdoms that emerged after the division of Alexander the Great's empire. Historically, these are the Hellenistic kingdoms, specifically the Seleucid Empire, which is relevant to the context of Daniel 8. The "latter part" suggests a time when these kingdoms are nearing their decline, setting the stage for significant changes and events.

when the rebellion has reached its full measure
The "rebellion" here can be interpreted as a culmination of transgressions and moral decay within these kingdoms. This phrase suggests a period of widespread apostasy and sin, which aligns with the biblical theme of God allowing certain events to unfold as a result of human rebellion. This concept is echoed in other scriptures, such as Genesis 15:16, where the iniquity of the Amorites had to reach its full measure before judgment.

an insolent king
This king is often identified as Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a ruler of the Seleucid Empire known for his arrogance and blasphemous actions against the Jewish people and their faith. His character and actions are seen as a foreshadowing of the Antichrist, a future figure in Christian eschatology who will oppose God and His people.

skilled in intrigue
Antiochus IV was known for his cunning and deceitful political maneuvers. This phrase highlights his ability to manipulate and deceive, traits that are often associated with figures who oppose God's purposes. The skill in intrigue suggests a level of intelligence and craftiness that allows him to gain power and influence through deceptive means.

will come to the throne
This indicates the rise to power of this king, which is historically accurate as Antiochus IV seized the throne through a series of political and military strategies. His ascent to power was marked by intrigue and betrayal, fitting the description provided in the prophecy. This rise is seen as part of God's sovereign plan, allowing such a ruler to come to power as a means of fulfilling divine prophecy and testing His people.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Latter Part of Their Reign
This phrase refers to the end times of a particular kingdom or series of kingdoms, often interpreted as the Greek Empire's division after Alexander the Great's death.

2. Rebels
These are individuals or groups who have turned away from God's ways, becoming completely wicked. This can be seen as a moral and spiritual decline in society.

3. Fierce-Looking King
This is a prophetic figure characterized by a formidable appearance and demeanor, often associated with Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a historical figure who persecuted the Jews.

4. Master of Intrigue
This describes the king's cunning and deceitful nature, indicating his ability to manipulate and deceive others for his gain.

5. Arise
This signifies the emergence or coming to power of this king, suggesting a sudden or unexpected rise in influence and authority.
Teaching Points
Understanding Prophecy
Recognize the importance of studying biblical prophecy to discern the times and remain vigilant in faith.

Moral Decline
Be aware of the signs of moral and spiritual decline in society and strive to uphold God's standards in personal and communal life.

Deception and Intrigue
Guard against deception by grounding oneself in Scripture and seeking wisdom and discernment from the Holy Spirit.

Rise of Oppression
Prepare for potential persecution by strengthening one's faith and community, knowing that God ultimately prevails.

Hope in God's Sovereignty
Trust in God's control over history and His promise to bring justice and restoration in His perfect timing.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the description of the "fierce-looking king" in Daniel 8:23 compare to other prophetic figures in the Bible, such as the "man of lawlessness" in 2 Thessalonians 2?

2. In what ways can we identify and resist the moral and spiritual decline in our society today, as suggested by the term "rebels" in this passage?

3. How can understanding the historical context of Antiochus IV Epiphanes enhance our interpretation of Daniel 8:23 and its application to future events?

4. What practical steps can we take to guard against deception and intrigue in our personal and spiritual lives?

5. How does the assurance of God's sovereignty in prophetic passages like Daniel 8:23 provide comfort and hope in times of uncertainty and oppression?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Daniel 7
The vision of the four beasts, particularly the fourth beast, connects to the rise of powerful and oppressive rulers.

2 Thessalonians 2
The description of the "man of lawlessness" parallels the fierce-looking king, highlighting themes of deception and rebellion against God.

Revelation 13
The beast from the sea shares characteristics with the fierce-looking king, emphasizing the end-times persecution of God's people.
The World-Powers and IsraelJoseph A. Seiss, D.D.Daniel 8:1-27
Vision of the Ram and the He-GoatT. Kirk.Daniel 8:1-27
Vision of the -Ram and the He-GoatWilliam M. Taylor, D.D.Daniel 8:1-27
The Scourge of IsraelH.T. Robjohns Daniel 8:9-12, 23-25
Prophecy's Sure FulfilmentsH.T. Robjohns Daniel 8:13, 14, 26
The Place of Angelic MinistrationJ.D. Davies Daniel 8:13-27
People
Belshazzar, Daniel, Elam, Gabriel, Javan
Places
Babylon, Elam, Greece, Media, Persia, Susa, Ulai
Topics
Arise, Bold, Complete, Completed, Completely, Countenance, Course, Dark, Doings, Evil, Expert, Face, Fierce, Full, Hidden, Insolent, Intrigue, Kingdom, Later, Latter, Master, Measure, Perfecting, Period, Pride, Reached, Rebels, Reign, Riddles, Rule, Run, Sayings, Sentences, Skilled, Stand, Stern-faced, Stratagems, Transgression, Transgressors, Understanding, Understands, Wicked
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Daniel 8:15-26

     4145   archangels

Daniel 8:19-25

     4971   seasons, of life

Daniel 8:23-25

     8703   antinomianism
     9115   antichrist, the

Library
Abram's Horror of Great Darkness.
"And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him." If we consider the sketch, given us in scripture, of the life of this patriarch, we shall find that few have had equal manifestations of the divine favor. But the light did not at all times shine on him. He had his dark hours while dwelling in this strange land. Here we find an horror of great darkness to have fallen upon him. The language used to describe his state, on this occasion,
Andrew Lee et al—Sermons on Various Important Subjects

Questions.
LESSON I. 1. In what state was the Earth when first created? 2. To what trial was man subjected? 3. What punishment did the Fall bring on man? 4. How alone could his guilt be atoned for? A. By his punishment being borne by one who was innocent. 5. What was the first promise that there should be such an atonement?--Gen. iii. 15. 6. What were the sacrifices to foreshow? 7. Why was Abel's offering the more acceptable? 8. From which son of Adam was the Seed of the woman to spring? 9. How did Seth's
Charlotte Mary Yonge—The Chosen People

Watching the Horizon
"Thy Kingdom Come." "Thou art coming! We are waiting With a hope that cannot fail; Asking not the day or hour, Resting on Thy word of power, Anchored safe within the veil. Time appointed may be long, But the vision must be sure: Certainty shall make us strong, Joyful patience must endure. "O the joy to see Thee reigning, Thee, my own beloved Lord! Every tongue Thy name confessing, Worship, honour, glory, blessing, Brought to Thee with glad accord! Thee, my Master and my Friend, Vindicated and enthroned!
by S. D. Gordon—Quiet Talks on the Crowned Christ of Revelation

The Angel of the Lord in the Pentateuch, and the Book of Joshua.
The New Testament distinguishes between the hidden God and the revealed God--the Son or Logos--who is connected with the former by oneness of nature, and who from everlasting, and even at the creation itself, filled up the immeasurable distance between the Creator and the creation;--who has been the Mediator in all God's relations to the world;--who at all times, and even before He became man in Christ, has been the light of [Pg 116] the world,--and to whom, specially, was committed the direction
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Apocalypse.
On the Lit. and life of John, see §§ 40 and 41 (this vol.); on the authorship of the Apoc. and the time of composition, § 37 (this vol.); § 41 (this vol.); and § 84 (this vol.) 1. Modern Critical, works of German and French scholars on the Apocalypse: Lücke (Voltständige Einleitung, etc., 2d ed., 1852; 1,074 pages of introductory matter, critical and historical; compare with it the review of Bleek in the "Studien and Kritiken" for 1854 and 1855); DeWette Com., 1848,
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

The Harbinger
The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD , make straight in the desert a high-way for our God. Every valley shall be exalted, and every mountain and hill shall be made low, and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough places plain. And the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together, for the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it. T he general style of the prophecies is poetical. The inimitable simplicity which characterizes every
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Daniel
Daniel is called a prophet in the New Testament (Matt. xxiv. 15). In the Hebrew Bible, however, the book called by his name appears not among the prophets, but among "the writings," between Esther and Ezra. The Greek version placed it between the major and the minor prophets, and this has determined its position in modern versions. The book is both like and unlike the prophetic books. It is like them in its passionate belief in the overruling Providence of God and in the sure consummation of His
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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