Acts 25:16

I told them that it is not the Roman custom to hand a man over before he has had an opportunity to face his accusers and defend himself against their charges.

Study Bible

I told them
This phrase indicates a direct communication from the speaker, who is the Roman governor, Festus. The context here is a legal proceeding, and Festus is explaining Roman legal principles to the Jewish leaders. The Greek word used here for "told" is "apokrinomai," which means to answer or respond. This reflects the Roman commitment to justice and due process, which was a hallmark of Roman law and governance.

that it is not the Roman custom
The phrase highlights the established legal traditions of Rome, which were known for their structured legal system. The Greek word "ethos" is used for "custom," indicating a habitual practice or tradition. This underscores the importance of legal precedent and the rule of law in Roman society, which was a significant influence on Western legal systems.

to hand a man over
This phrase refers to the act of delivering a person into the custody of another, particularly for trial or punishment. The Greek word "charizomai" is used here, which can mean to grant or give freely. In this context, it emphasizes the legal procedure that must be followed before someone can be condemned or punished.

before he has had an opportunity
This phrase underscores the principle of fairness and the right to a fair trial. The Greek word "topos" is used for "opportunity," meaning a place or occasion. It reflects the Roman legal principle that an accused person must be given a chance to present their case, which is a foundational aspect of justice.

to face his accusers
This phrase is central to the concept of a fair trial, where the accused has the right to confront those who accuse them. The Greek word "prosopon" is used for "face," meaning face-to-face or in person. This principle is echoed in modern legal systems, emphasizing transparency and accountability in judicial proceedings.

and defend himself
The right to defense is a critical component of justice. The Greek word "apologeomai" is used here, meaning to speak in one's defense. This reflects the Roman legal system's emphasis on allowing the accused to present their side of the story, ensuring that justice is not only done but seen to be done.

against their charges
This phrase refers to the specific accusations brought against the accused. The Greek word "katagoria" is used for "charges," meaning an accusation or indictment. It highlights the necessity for specific and clear charges to be presented, allowing the accused to know exactly what they are defending against, which is a cornerstone of legal fairness.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul
The apostle who is on trial, having been accused by Jewish leaders of crimes against their law and the Roman state.

2. Festus
The Roman governor who succeeded Felix and is responsible for overseeing Paul's trial.

3. Jewish Leaders
The accusers of Paul, seeking to have him condemned without a fair trial.

4. Caesarea
The location where Paul is being held and where Festus is governing.

5. Roman Legal System
The context in which the trial is taking place, emphasizing the importance of legal rights and due process.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Justice and Fairness
The Roman legal system, despite its flaws, upheld principles of justice that are consistent with biblical values. Christians are called to advocate for fairness and justice in all areas of life.

The Right to Defend Oneself
Paul’s situation underscores the importance of allowing individuals to defend themselves against accusations. In our interactions, we should ensure that we listen to all sides before forming judgments.

God’s Sovereignty in Legal Matters
Despite the human legal systems, God’s sovereignty is evident in Paul’s trials. Believers can trust that God is in control, even when facing unjust accusations.

Courage in the Face of Accusation
Paul’s example encourages believers to stand firm in their faith and convictions, even when falsely accused or misunderstood.

Respect for Authority
Festus’ adherence to Roman customs reflects a respect for legal authority. Christians are called to respect and pray for those in authority, even when they are not perfect.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the Roman legal principle mentioned in Acts 25:16 reflect biblical values of justice and fairness?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are fair and just in our personal dealings with others, especially when accusations arise?

3. How does Paul’s experience in Acts 25:16 encourage us to trust in God’s sovereignty when facing legal or personal challenges?

4. What can we learn from Festus’ respect for legal customs about our own attitudes towards authority and governance?

5. How can we apply the principle of hearing both sides of a account (as seen in Proverbs 18:17) in our daily interactions and decision-making processes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

John 7:51
Nicodemus reminds the Pharisees that their law does not judge a man without first hearing from him, highlighting the importance of due process.

Deuteronomy 19:15
The law requires the testimony of two or three witnesses to establish a matter, underscoring the need for a fair trial.

Proverbs 18:17
This verse speaks to the importance of hearing both sides of a account before making a judgment, aligning with the Roman custom mentioned in Acts 25:16.