Why do good people experience misfortune?

Definition and Context

Misfortune refers to the trials, suffering, or adverse events that individuals face, often without an apparent direct cause. It raises pressing questions about divine justice and the nature of good and evil. Throughout Scripture, those deemed righteous or who seek to do good also encounter tribulations (Job 1:8–19). Such experiences highlight both the complexity of a fallen world and the deeper purposes at work within God’s plan.

Biblical Foundation of Misfortune

Misfortune can be traced to the brokenness introduced in Genesis 3, depicting a world now subject to decay and suffering (Romans 8:20–22). While creation was originally good, the human choice to reject divine communion introduced consequences that extend beyond personal wrongdoing. Even those who act faithfully may endure pain in a creation dimmed by sin.

Examples of the Righteous Suffering

1. Job’s Adversity

The Book of Job narrates the story of an upright man who loses his possessions, health, and family (Job 1:1–22). His plight underscores that suffering is not always punishment for sin. Rather, Job’s fidelity through hardship demonstrates trust in a higher purpose.

2. Joseph’s Trials

Betrayed by his brothers, sold into slavery, and unjustly imprisoned, Joseph remained steadfast. His story culminates in deliverance and provision for many (Genesis 37–50). Joseph later recognizes that while others intended harm, God orchestrated events for good (Genesis 50:20).

3. Jesus’ Earthly Sufferings

The Gospels describe the crucifixion of Christ as the ultimate example of innocence suffering (Mark 15:24). His resurrection, attested by numerous eyewitness accounts (1 Corinthians 15:3–8), reveals both God’s power over suffering and the redemptive plan that extends beyond immediate hardship.

Purposes Behind Misfortune

1. Refinement of Character

The New Testament explains that tribulations can cultivate endurance, character, and hope (Romans 5:3–5). James encourages rejoicing in trials because perseverance forms spiritual maturity (James 1:2–4). The discipline believers experience shapes them into greater conformity with God’s will (Hebrews 12:7–11).

2. Dependence on the Divine

Hardship can highlight human frailty and the need for help beyond one’s own capacity. Paul famously acknowledged a “thorn in the flesh,” learning that through weakness, divine strength is perfected (2 Corinthians 12:7–10). Such recognition fosters humility and closeness with the Creator.

3. Identification with Christ

The biblical expectation is that those who desire to live righteously will share in various afflictions (2 Timothy 3:12). However, these sufferings parallel the sufferings of Christ. Believers are thus encouraged to rejoice in partaking “in the sufferings of Christ” (1 Peter 4:13), symbolizing a deeper unity with Him.

The Wider Plan and Ultimate Resolution

1. God’s Sovereignty and Omniscience

Although human perspectives can be limited, Scripture depicts God reigning with perfect knowledge. Misfortunes are woven into a grand narrative designed for ultimate good. Romans 8:28 asserts, “We know that God works all things together for the good of those who love Him.”

2. Eternal Perspective

Life on earth represents a fraction of the eternal timeline. Present suffering, according to 2 Corinthians 4:17, is “light and momentary affliction” preparing us for eternal glory. The final judgment and future restoration are central to how Scripture addresses injustice; God will ultimately rectify wrongs (Revelation 21:4).

3. Resurrection Hope

The resurrection of Christ confirms a future hope that transcends earthly distress. Cited in historical documents such as 1 Corinthians 15 and corroborated by early manuscript evidence, the resurrection stands as a foundational proof of God’s power. It affirms that sorrow is temporary, with a promised restoration through Christ.

Practical Reflections and Responses

1. Pursuit of Compassion

Misfortunes invite empathy, as demonstrated by the faithful who supported suffering believers throughout biblical narratives (Acts 11:28–30). Acts of kindness and charity during others’ hardships embody the compassion taught by Christ.

2. Cultivating Prayer and Trust

Scripture highlights prayer as a channel for solace and courage (Philippians 4:6–7). Trusting in God does not eliminate adversity, but it provides strength and peace that surpass human comprehension. The Psalms are replete with examples of individuals pouring out their troubles and receiving renewed hope (Psalm 34:18–19).

3. Seeking Wisdom and Growth

Adversity can serve as an occasion for seeking divine wisdom (James 1:5). Reflecting on difficulties helps distinguish fleeting pursuits from lasting truth, refining priorities. Biblical accounts, archaeological findings that confirm biblical history (e.g., the Dead Sea Scrolls validating passages in Isaiah), and personal testimonies of faith under trial guide believers to persevere.

Conclusion

Misfortunes experienced by good people cannot be understood solely through human logic. While evil and suffering remain present in a world marred by the fall, Scripture consistently depicts these challenges as opportunities for refining character, demonstrating dependence on God, and sharing in Christ’s suffering. The Bible directs believers to a hopeful conclusion: God sovereignly weaves all trials for ultimate good, culminating in eternal restoration through the risen Christ.