Joshua 12:14
New International Version
the king of Hormah one the king of Arad one

New Living Translation
The king of Hormah The king of Arad

English Standard Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Berean Standard Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

King James Bible
The king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

New King James Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

New American Standard Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

NASB 1995
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

NASB 1977
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Legacy Standard Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Amplified Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Christian Standard Bible
the king of Hormah one the king of Arad one

Holman Christian Standard Bible
the king of Hormah one the king of Arad one

American Standard Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

English Revised Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

GOD'S WORD® Translation
the king of Hormah, the king of Arad,

Good News Translation
Hormah, Arad,

International Standard Version
The king of Hormah: 1 The king of Arad: 1

Majority Standard Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

NET Bible
the king of Hormah (one), the king of Arad (one),

New Heart English Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Webster's Bible Translation
The king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

World English Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Young's Literal Translation
The king of Hormah, one; The king of Arad, one;

Smith's Literal Translation
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The king of Herma one, the king of Hered one,

Catholic Public Domain Version
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

New American Bible
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

New Revised Standard Version
the king of Hormah one the king of Arad one
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The king of Gadar, one; the king of Arad, one;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
The one King of Gadar, the one King of Adar
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
the king of Hermath, the king of Ader;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Kings Defeated West of the Jordan
13the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one; 14the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; 15the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;…

Cross References
Numbers 21:24-35
And Israel put him to the sword and took possession of his land, from the Arnon to the Jabbok—but only up to the border of the Ammonites, because it was fortified. / Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites and occupied them, including Heshbon and all its villages. / Heshbon was the city of Sihon king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab and taken all his land as far as the Arnon. ...

Deuteronomy 3:1-11
Then we turned and went up the road to Bashan, and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. / But the LORD said to me, “Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand, along with all his people and his land. Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” / So the LORD our God also delivered Og king of Bashan and his whole army into our hands. We struck them down until no survivor was left. ...

Judges 1:4-7
When Judah attacked, the LORD delivered the Canaanites and Perizzites into their hands, and they struck down ten thousand men at Bezek. / And there they found Adoni-bezek and fought against him, striking down the Canaanites and Perizzites. / As Adoni-bezek fled, they pursued him, seized him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes. ...

1 Samuel 15:7-9
Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to Shur, which is east of Egypt. / He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword. / Saul and his troops spared Agag, along with the best of the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs, and the best of everything else. They were unwilling to devote them to destruction, but they devoted to destruction all that was despised and worthless.

2 Samuel 8:1-2
Some time later, David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Metheg-ammah from the hand of the Philistines. / David also defeated the Moabites, made them lie down on the ground, and measured them off with a cord. He measured off with two lengths those to be put to death, and with one length those to be spared. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute.

1 Kings 4:19-21
Geber son of Uri in the land of Gilead, including the territories of Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og king of Bashan. There was also one governor in the land of Judah. / The people of Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand on the seashore, and they were eating and drinking and rejoicing. / And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life.

1 Chronicles 18:1-2
Some time later, David defeated the Philistines, subdued them, and took Gath and its villages from the hand of the Philistines. / David also defeated the Moabites, and they became subject to David and brought him tribute.

Psalm 136:17-22
He struck down great kings His loving devotion endures forever. / and slaughtered mighty kings—His loving devotion endures forever. / Sihon king of the Amorites His loving devotion endures forever. ...

Isaiah 11:14
They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them.

Jeremiah 48:1-5
Concerning Moab, this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “Woe to Nebo, for it will be devastated. Kiriathaim will be captured and disgraced; the fortress will be shattered and dismantled. / There is no longer praise for Moab; in Heshbon they devise evil against her: ‘Come, let us cut her off from nationhood.’ You too, O people of Madmen, will be silenced; the sword will pursue you. / A voice cries out from Horonaim: ‘Devastation and great destruction!’ ...

Amos 2:9-10
Yet it was I who destroyed the Amorite before them, though his height was like that of the cedars, and he was as strong as the oaks. Yet I destroyed his fruit above and his roots below. / And I brought you up from the land of Egypt and led you forty years in the wilderness, that you might take possession of the land of the Amorite.

Matthew 1:5-6
Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth, Obed the father of Jesse, / and Jesse the father of David the king. Next: David was the father of Solomon by Uriah’s wife,

Acts 13:19-20
And having vanquished seven nations in Canaan, He gave their land to His people as an inheritance. / All this took about 450 years. After this, God gave them judges until the time of Samuel the prophet.

Romans 15:4
For everything that was written in the past was written for our instruction, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures, we might have hope.

1 Corinthians 10:11
Now these things happened to them as examples and were written down as warnings for us, on whom the fulfillment of the ages has come.


Treasury of Scripture

The king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;

Hormah

Numbers 14:45
Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even unto Hormah.

Numbers 21:3
And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.

Numbers 21:1
And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners.

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Arad Hormah
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Arad Hormah
Joshua 12
1. The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of
7. The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote














the king of Hormah, one;
Hormah was a city located in the southern part of Canaan, within the territory that would later be assigned to the tribe of Simeon. The name "Hormah" means "destruction" or "devotion to destruction," which is significant in biblical history. In Numbers 21:1-3, the Israelites vowed to destroy the Canaanite cities if God delivered them into their hands, and Hormah was one of those cities. This reflects the fulfillment of God's promise to give the Israelites victory over their enemies as they entered the Promised Land. The mention of "one" king signifies the individual defeat of each city-state, emphasizing the comprehensive nature of Israel's conquest under Joshua's leadership.

the king of Arad, one;
Arad was a Canaanite city located in the Negev desert, south of Hebron. The king of Arad had previously attacked the Israelites during their wilderness journey, as recorded in Numbers 21:1. This attack led to a vow by the Israelites to destroy the Canaanite cities, which was fulfilled during the conquest under Joshua. The defeat of the king of Arad is a testament to God's faithfulness in delivering His people and fulfilling His promises. The singular mention of "one" king highlights the specific and deliberate nature of the victories, underscoring the systematic dismantling of Canaanite power structures as Israel established itself in the land.

Persons / Places / Events
1. King of Hormah
Hormah was a city in the southern part of Canaan. The name "Hormah" means "destruction" in Hebrew, reflecting its fate during the Israelite conquest. The king of Hormah was one of the defeated kings listed in Joshua 12, signifying the Israelites' victory over the Canaanite cities.

2. King of Arad
Arad was another city in the Negev region of Canaan. The king of Arad was also defeated by the Israelites. This victory is significant as it represents God's faithfulness in delivering the promised land to the Israelites.
Teaching Points
God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment of Promises
The defeat of the kings of Hormah and Arad is a testament to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the Israelites. Believers can trust that God will fulfill His promises in their lives as well.

The Importance of Obedience
The victories over these kings were possible because of the Israelites' obedience to God's commands. Obedience to God is crucial for experiencing His blessings and victories in our lives.

Spiritual Warfare and Victory
Just as the Israelites faced physical battles, Christians face spiritual battles. The victories over Hormah and Arad remind us that through God's power, we can overcome spiritual adversaries.

Community and Cooperation
The involvement of the Kenites in the destruction of Hormah illustrates the importance of community and cooperation among God's people. Working together in unity can lead to greater victories.Verse 14. - Hormah, Arad. Cities in the Negeb, near the border of Edom (see Numbers 14:45; Numbers 21:1, 3; Numbers 33:40). Hor-mah was originally known as Zephath (see Judges 1:16, 17, where the fullest description of the locality is given). It was in the wilderness of Judaea, in the arid country (Negeb) of Arad. Mr. Palmer identifies it with Sebaita, in the centre of the Negeb, in the Magrah-el-Esbaita, a mountain valley sloping down into the Wady-el-Abyadh. Other explorers prefer Sulifat, and Rowlands and G. Williams, Sepata.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
the king
מֶ֤לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Hormah,
חָרְמָה֙ (ḥā·rə·māh)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 2767: Hormah -- 'asylum', a place in Simeon

one;
אֶחָ֔ד (’e·ḥāḏ)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first

the king
מֶ֥לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Arad,
עֲרָ֖ד (‘ă·rāḏ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 6166: Arad -- a Canaanite city in the Negev

one;
אֶחָֽד׃ (’e·ḥāḏ)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 259: United, one, first


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OT History: Joshua 12:14 The king of Hormah one (Josh. Jos)
Joshua 12:13
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