The Calf: Sacrifices of Praise
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In the biblical context, the calf holds significant symbolic and ritualistic importance, particularly in the Old Testament. The concept of the "sacrifice of praise" is intricately linked to the practices and spiritual expressions of the Israelites, where the calf often appears as both a literal and metaphorical element.

Old Testament Context

The calf is most famously associated with the incident of the Golden Calf in Exodus 32. While Moses was on Mount Sinai receiving the Ten Commandments, the Israelites, in their impatience and lack of faith, demanded that Aaron make them a god to lead them. Aaron complied by fashioning a calf from their gold jewelry. This act of idolatry was a direct violation of the covenant with Yahweh, who had delivered them from Egypt. The Golden Calf became a symbol of apostasy and rebellion against God.

In contrast, the sacrificial system established by God through Moses required offerings that were meant to express gratitude, atonement, and devotion. Leviticus 9:2-4 describes the use of calves in sacrificial offerings: "He said to Aaron, 'Take a bull calf for your sin offering and a ram for your burnt offering, both without blemish, and present them before the LORD.'" These sacrifices were integral to the Israelites' worship and relationship with God, symbolizing repentance and the desire for reconciliation.

Sacrifices of Praise

The concept of a "sacrifice of praise" emerges more explicitly in the Psalms and prophetic literature, where the focus shifts from physical offerings to the offering of one's heart and lips in worship. Hosea 14:2 captures this transition: "Take words of repentance with you and return to the LORD. Say to Him: 'Forgive all our iniquity and accept what is good, that we may offer the fruit of our lips as a sacrifice of bulls.'" Here, the "fruit of our lips" is equated with the sacrificial offerings, emphasizing sincere worship and thanksgiving over ritualistic practices.

The Psalms frequently echo this sentiment, as seen in Psalm 69:30-31 : "I will praise the name of God with song and exalt Him with thanksgiving. And this will please the LORD more than an ox, more than a bull with horns and hooves." The psalmist underscores that genuine praise and thanksgiving are more pleasing to God than the most valuable animal sacrifices.

New Testament Fulfillment

In the New Testament, the theme of the sacrifice of praise is further developed, particularly in the context of Christ's ultimate sacrifice. Hebrews 13:15 exhorts believers: "Through Jesus, therefore, let us continually offer to God a sacrifice of praise, the fruit of lips that confess His name." This passage highlights the shift from the Old Covenant's physical sacrifices to the New Covenant's spiritual offerings, made possible through Jesus Christ.

The calf, once a central figure in the sacrificial system, becomes a symbol of the old order, which is fulfilled and transcended in Christ. The sacrifice of praise, therefore, is not merely a verbal expression but a holistic offering of one's life in gratitude and obedience to God.

Conclusion

The calf, as a symbol and sacrificial element, serves as a profound reminder of the transition from the Old Covenant's physical offerings to the New Covenant's spiritual sacrifices. The sacrifice of praise, rooted in sincere worship and thanksgiving, reflects the believer's response to God's grace and mercy, made manifest through Jesus Christ.
Torrey's Topical Textbook
Hosea 14:2
Take with you words, and turn to the LORD: say to him, Take away all iniquity, and receive us graciously: so will we render the calves of our lips.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Hebrews 13:5
Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with such things as you have: for he has said, I will never leave you, nor forsake you.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Library

Of the Law.
... us;" [3273] and they made a molten calf, and sacrificed ... Sacrifice to God the sacrifice
of praise, and pay ... in like manner He refuses their sacrifices on account ...
/.../various/constitutions of the holy apostles/sec iv of the law.htm

Psalm 106
... 12Then they believ'd his word, and praise. to him in songs did give. ... 19Upon the hill
of Horeb they. an idol-calf did frame,. ... The sacrifices of the dead. ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/anonymous/scottish psalter and paraphrases/psalm 106.htm

Whether There Can be any Suitable Cause for the Sacraments of the ...
... with decorum and gravity; according to Ps.34:18: "I will praise Thee in a ... At their
consecration the following sacrifices were offered: a calf, for sin ...
/...//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether there can be any 2.htm

From the Fifth Chapter.
... Him by its various oblations and sacrifices, it behoved ... Jacob says, "Judah, thy brethren
shall praise thee; thou ... purpled with the blood of the calf, with water ...
/.../commentary on the apocolypse of the blessed john/from the fifth chapter.htm

Letter vii. --For 335. Easter-Day iv Pharmuthi, iii Kal. April; xx ...
... For how is it possible for us to praise God with ... on seven pillars; she hath killed
her sacrifices, and mingled ... of hunger, He kills the fatted calf; instead of ...
/.../select works and letters or athanasius/letter vii for 335 easter-day iv.htm

Whether Sufficient Reason Can be Assigned for the Ceremonies ...
... therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise always to ... of idolaters who used to
offer sacrifices to the ... God forgave the people's sin of worshipping the calf. ...
/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether sufficient reason can be.htm

Manner of Covenanting.
... was typified by the cutting of the calf in twain ... in it, and on the former when
sacrifices were presented ... no address to God, except the song of praise, can be ...
/.../cunningham/the ordinance of covenanting/chapter ii manner of covenanting.htm

Psalm CVI.
... the same as above, "they praised a praise." [4837 ... their glory, in the similitude
of a calf that eateth ... consecrated to the idol, and eating the sacrifices of the ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/augustine/exposition on the book of psalms/psalm cvi.htm

Letter Lxxvii. To Oceanus.
... and having taken a second, I will not praise her for ... molten gold into the head of
a calf, his brother's ... cite the words of the psalmist: "the sacrifices of God ...
/.../jerome/the principal works of st jerome/letter lxxvii to oceanus.htm

Matt. Ii. 2
... truer son of God, he that worships a calf, and is joined to Baalpeor [356] and
sacrifices his sons ... people's special endowment in the way of praise, she also ...
/.../chrysostom/homilies on the gospel of saint matthew/homily viii matt ii 2.htm

Resources
How many times did Moses ascend Mount Sinai? | GotQuestions.org

What did it mean to be devoted to destruction? | GotQuestions.org

Are there errors in the Qur'an (Koran)? | GotQuestions.org

Calf: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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Subtopics

Calf

Calf Image

Calf of Gold was Made of the Ornaments of the Women

Calf of Gold was Made: After an Egyptian Model

Calf of Gold was Made: To Go Before the Congregation

Calf of Gold was Made: To Represent God

Calf of Gold: An Altar Built Before

Calf of Gold: Destroyed by Moses

Calf of Gold: Fashioned With a Graven Tool

Calf of Gold: Made on Account of the Delay of Moses in the Mount

Calf of Gold: Making of a Forgetting of God

Calf of Gold: Making of a Turning Aside from the Divine Command

Calf of Gold: Making of a Very Great Sin

Calf of Gold: Making of Caused Moses to Break the Tables of the Testimony

Calf of Gold: Making of Excited Wrath Against Aaron

Calf of Gold: Making of Excited Wrath Against Israel

Calf of Gold: Making of Israel Punished For

Calf of Gold: Molten in the Fire

Calf of Gold: Moses Interceded for Those Who Worshipped

Calf of Gold: Punishment of Those Who Worshipped a Warning to Others

Calf of Gold: Sacrifices offered To

Calf of Gold: Worshipped With Profane Revelry

Calf: "Calves of the Lips" a Metaphor Signifying Worship

Calf: Altars of, Destroyed

Calf: Golden, Made by Aaron

Calf: Images of, Set up in Beth-El and Dan by Jeroboam

Calf: Offered in Sacrifice

Calf: Prophecies Against the Golden Calves at Beth-El

Calf: Worshiped by Jehu

The Calf of a Year Old Best for Sacrifice

The Calf: Eaten in the Patriarchal Age

The Calf: Fattened in Stalls

The Calf: Fed On: Branches of Trees

The Calf: Fed On: Milk

The Calf: If First-Born not Redeemed

The Calf: Offered in Sacrifice

The Calf: Patient Endurance

The Calf: Playfulness of, Alluded To

The Calf: Sacrifices of Praise

The Calf: Saints Nourished by Grace

The Calf: The Young of the Herd

The Calf: when Fattened Considered a Delicacy

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The Calf: Playfulness of, Alluded To
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