The concept of retribution for rejoicing over Israel's misfortune is a recurring theme in the Bible, reflecting God's covenantal relationship with Israel and His justice against those who take pleasure in their suffering. This theme is particularly evident in the prophetic literature, where God pronounces judgment on nations and individuals who mock or celebrate Israel's calamities.

Biblical Instances:

1. Edom's Gloating Over Jerusalem's Fall:
The book of Obadiah addresses the nation of Edom, descendants of Esau, who rejoiced over the destruction of Jerusalem. Obadiah 1:12-13 warns, "But you should not gloat in the day of your brother, in the day of his misfortune, nor rejoice over the people of Judah in the day of their destruction, nor boastfully mock in the day of distress." Edom's schadenfreude and participation in the plundering of Jerusalem led to their own downfall, as God declared that they would be judged for their actions.

2. Ammon's Joy at Israel's Distress:
The Ammonites are another example of a nation that faced divine retribution for their joy over Israel's suffering. In Ezekiel 25:6-7 , the Lord says, "For this is what the Lord GOD says: Because you clapped your hands and stomped your feet and rejoiced with all the malice of your heart against the land of Israel, therefore I will stretch out My hand against you and give you as plunder to the nations." The Ammonites' delight in Israel's misfortune resulted in their own judgment and desolation.

3. Philistia's Rejoicing:
The Philistines also faced God's wrath for their reaction to Israel's troubles. In Ezekiel 25:15-17 , God declares, "Because the Philistines acted in vengeance and took revenge with malice in their hearts, seeking to destroy Judah with ancient hostility, therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: I will stretch out My hand against the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethites and destroy the remnant along the coast." Their ancient enmity and joy over Israel's plight led to their own destruction.

Theological Implications:

The biblical narrative underscores the principle that God is deeply concerned with justice and righteousness. Those who rejoice over the misfortunes of His chosen people, Israel, are seen as opposing God's purposes and are subject to His judgment. This theme serves as a warning against harboring malice and taking pleasure in the suffering of others, particularly those whom God has set apart for His purposes.

Moral and Ethical Lessons:

From a moral and ethical standpoint, the Bible teaches that gloating over the misfortune of others is contrary to God's character and His expectations for human behavior. Proverbs 24:17-18 advises, "Do not gloat when your enemy falls, and do not let your heart rejoice when he stumbles, or the LORD will see and disapprove, and turn His wrath away from him." This wisdom literature reinforces the idea that humility and compassion should guide one's response to the suffering of others, regardless of personal grievances or historical enmities.

Conclusion:

The theme of retribution for rejoicing over Israel's misfortune is a powerful reminder of God's justice and the ethical standards He sets for humanity. It calls for a heart of compassion and a commitment to righteousness, aligning with God's overarching plan for His people and the world.