Biblical Reference:
The phrase "Rejoice with Jerusalem" is primarily found in the book of Isaiah, specifically Isaiah 66:10. The passage reads: "Rejoice with Jerusalem and be glad for her, all you who love her; rejoice greatly with her, all you who mourn over her" . This verse is part of a larger prophetic vision concerning the restoration and future glory of Jerusalem.

Context and Interpretation:
Isaiah 66 is the final chapter of the book of Isaiah, a prophetic text that addresses the themes of judgment and redemption. The chapter speaks to the eschatological hope for Jerusalem, portraying a time when God will comfort His people and restore the city to its former glory. The call to "rejoice with Jerusalem" is an invitation to participate in the joy of God's redemptive work.

The context of this passage is significant as it follows a period of judgment and exile for the people of Israel. The promise of restoration is a central theme in Isaiah, offering hope to a people who have experienced suffering and displacement. The call to rejoice is not only for the inhabitants of Jerusalem but extends to all who love her, indicating a universal invitation to share in the joy of God's salvation.

Theological Significance:
From a theological perspective, the call to rejoice with Jerusalem is seen as a foretaste of the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises. Jerusalem, often symbolizing the people of God, becomes a focal point for divine blessing and restoration. This passage is interpreted as a prophetic vision of the Messianic age, where peace and prosperity will be fully realized.

In Christian theology, Jerusalem holds a special place as the city where Jesus Christ was crucified and resurrected. The rejoicing over Jerusalem can also be seen as a reflection of the joy found in the salvation brought through Christ. The New Testament echoes this theme, with the heavenly Jerusalem representing the ultimate fulfillment of God's kingdom (Hebrews 12:22; Revelation 21:2).

Historical and Cultural Context:
Historically, Jerusalem has been the center of Jewish worship and identity. The city's destruction and subsequent restoration have been pivotal events in Jewish history. The call to rejoice with Jerusalem would have resonated deeply with the original audience, who longed for the return to their homeland and the reestablishment of their religious practices.

Culturally, the idea of communal rejoicing is significant. In ancient Israel, communal celebrations were common, often associated with religious festivals and significant events. The invitation to rejoice with Jerusalem is an extension of this cultural practice, emphasizing the collective nature of joy and worship.

Application for Believers:
For contemporary believers, the call to rejoice with Jerusalem serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the hope of future restoration. It encourages Christians to look forward to the fulfillment of God's promises and to participate in the joy of His redemptive work. This passage invites believers to align their hearts with God's purposes and to find joy in His unfolding plan for His people.

The exhortation to rejoice also challenges believers to support and pray for the peace of Jerusalem, as instructed in Psalm 122:6. It serves as a call to solidarity with the people of Israel and a reminder of the shared spiritual heritage between Jews and Christians.

In summary, "Rejoice with Jerusalem" is a profound biblical theme that encapsulates the hope of restoration, the joy of salvation, and the anticipation of God's ultimate kingdom. It invites all who love Jerusalem to share in the joy of God's redemptive work and to look forward to the fulfillment of His promises.