The ordination of Aaron and his sons marks a significant event in the history of Israel's priesthood, as described in the Book of Exodus and Leviticus. This event established the Aaronic priesthood, setting a precedent for the religious and ceremonial life of the Israelites.

Biblical Context

The ordination is detailed primarily in Exodus 28-29 and Leviticus 8-9. God commanded Moses to consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve as priests, a role that would be central to the spiritual life of the nation. This ordination was not merely a human appointment but a divine mandate, underscoring the sacred nature of the priesthood.

Preparation and Garments

In Exodus 28, God provides specific instructions for the priestly garments, emphasizing their importance in the ordination process. Aaron's garments included the ephod, breastpiece, robe, tunic, turban, and sash, each with symbolic significance. These garments were designed "for glory and for beauty" (Exodus 28:2), signifying the dignity and honor of the priestly office.

Ceremonial Process

The ordination ceremony, as outlined in Exodus 29 and Leviticus 8, involved several key elements:

1. Washing and Anointing: Aaron and his sons were washed with water at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting, symbolizing purification (Leviticus 8:6). Moses then anointed Aaron with the holy anointing oil, signifying the Holy Spirit's empowerment for service (Leviticus 8:12).

2. Sacrifices: The ceremony included a sin offering, a burnt offering, and a ram of ordination. These sacrifices were essential for atonement and consecration, highlighting the need for holiness in approaching God (Leviticus 8:14-29).

3. Blood Rituals: Blood from the sacrifices was applied to Aaron and his sons, specifically on the right ear, thumb, and big toe, symbolizing the consecration of their hearing, work, and walk before God (Leviticus 8:23-24).

4. Wave Offering: Portions of the sacrifices were waved before the Lord, signifying the priests' dedication to God and their role as mediators between God and the people (Leviticus 8:27-29).

Seven-Day Consecration

The ordination process lasted seven days, during which Aaron and his sons remained at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. This period of consecration underscored the completeness and perfection required for those serving in the priestly office (Leviticus 8:33-35).

Commencement of Ministry

Upon completion of the ordination, Aaron and his sons began their priestly duties. Leviticus 9 describes the inaugural offerings made by Aaron, during which the glory of the Lord appeared to all the people, and fire came out from before the Lord to consume the burnt offering on the altar (Leviticus 9:23-24). This divine approval affirmed the legitimacy of Aaron's priesthood and the importance of obedience to God's commands.

Theological Significance

The ordination of Aaron and his sons is foundational for understanding the role of the priesthood in Israel. It highlights the necessity of holiness, the importance of divine calling, and the mediatory role of the priesthood. This event foreshadows the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who fulfills and surpasses the Aaronic priesthood by offering Himself as the perfect sacrifice for sin (Hebrews 7:26-28).

The ordination of Aaron and his sons thus serves as a profound reminder of God's holiness, the seriousness of sin, and the provision of a mediator to bridge the gap between God and humanity.