Tidal, also referred to as the "king of nations" or "king of Goiim," is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Genesis. His appearance is brief but significant within the context of the narrative surrounding the patriarch Abraham.

Biblical Reference:

Tidal is mentioned in Genesis 14:1, which states: "In those days Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Kedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goiim." This passage introduces Tidal as one of the four kings who waged war against the five kings of the cities of the plain, including the infamous cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.

Historical and Geographical Context:

The term "Goiim" is often translated as "nations" or "peoples," suggesting that Tidal may have been a ruler over a confederation of tribes or a coalition of different ethnic groups. The exact identification of "Goiim" remains a subject of scholarly debate, with some interpretations suggesting it could refer to a region or a collective of smaller nations in the ancient Near East.

The coalition led by Kedorlaomer, which included Tidal, is described as having conducted a military campaign against the rebellious cities of the Jordan Valley. This campaign is notable for its connection to the patriarch Abraham, who later intervenes to rescue his nephew Lot, who had been taken captive during the conflict.

Theological Significance:

Tidal's role in the narrative underscores the broader theme of divine providence and protection over Abraham and his family. The conflict involving Tidal and the other kings sets the stage for Abraham's demonstration of faith and courage, as he leads a successful rescue mission to save Lot. This event highlights God's favor upon Abraham and foreshadows the establishment of a covenantal relationship between God and Abraham's descendants.

Conclusion:

While Tidal's mention in the Bible is brief, his inclusion in the Genesis narrative serves to illustrate the geopolitical dynamics of the ancient Near East and the unfolding of God's plan through the patriarchs. Tidal, as king of nations, represents the broader world stage upon which God's chosen people would emerge and through which His purposes would be revealed.Genesis 14:1,9
And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations;
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