Evidence: Laws Concerning
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In the biblical context, the concept of evidence is closely tied to the administration of justice and the maintenance of societal order. The Mosaic Law, as given to the Israelites, contains specific instructions regarding the handling and evaluation of evidence, particularly in legal proceedings. These laws emphasize the importance of truth, fairness, and the protection of the innocent.

Witnesses and Testimony

The requirement for witnesses is a fundamental aspect of biblical law concerning evidence. Deuteronomy 19:15 states, "A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses." This principle underscores the need for corroboration to prevent false accusations and ensure that justice is served.

The role of witnesses is further emphasized in the context of capital punishment. Deuteronomy 17:6 declares, "On the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness." This law highlights the gravity of taking a life and the necessity of reliable evidence before such a sentence can be carried out.

False Witnesses

The Bible also addresses the issue of false witnesses, recognizing the potential harm they can cause. Exodus 23:1 warns, "You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness." The seriousness of bearing false witness is further illustrated in Deuteronomy 19:16-19 , which prescribes that if a false witness is discovered, "you must do to him as he intended to do to his brother. So you must purge the evil from among you."

Oaths and Vows

Oaths and vows are another aspect of evidence in biblical law. Numbers 30:2 states, "If a man makes a vow to the LORD or swears an oath to bind himself by a pledge, he must not break his word; he must do everything he has promised." This underscores the importance of truthfulness and integrity in one's declarations, as breaking an oath is seen as a serious offense.

Judicial Procedures

The Bible provides guidelines for judicial procedures to ensure fairness and justice. Judges are instructed to hear cases impartially and without favoritism. Leviticus 19:15 commands, "You must not pervert justice; you must not show partiality to the poor or favoritism to the rich; you are to judge your neighbor fairly." This principle is foundational to the administration of justice, ensuring that evidence is evaluated without bias.

Divine Witness

In addition to human witnesses, the Bible acknowledges God as the ultimate witness to all actions. Hebrews 4:13 reminds believers, "Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight; everything is uncovered and exposed before the eyes of Him to whom we must give account." This divine perspective serves as a reminder of the ultimate accountability and the importance of truth in all matters.

The biblical laws concerning evidence reflect a deep commitment to justice, truth, and the protection of individuals within the community. These principles continue to influence contemporary legal systems and ethical standards, underscoring the enduring relevance of biblical teachings on evidence and justice.
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Exodus 20:16
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
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Exodus 23:1,7
You shall not raise a false report: put not your hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.
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Leviticus 5:1
And if a soul sin, and hear the voice of swearing, and is a witness, whether he has seen or known of it; if he do not utter it, then he shall bear his iniquity.
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Leviticus 24:14
Bring forth him that has cursed without the camp; and let all that heard him lay their hands on his head, and let all the congregation stone him.
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Numbers 35:30
Whoever kills any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die.
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Deuteronomy 17:6,7
At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
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Deuteronomy 19:15-21
One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sins: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.
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Proverbs 24:28
Be not a witness against your neighbor without cause; and deceive not with your lips.
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Matthew 18:16
But if he will not hear you, then take with you one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.
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Matthew 19:18
He said to him, Which? Jesus said, You shall do no murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness,
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Hebrews 10:28
He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:
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Library

Of the Origin of the Word "With," and what Force it Has. Also ...
... to the Spirit, and sufficient for every thought concerning Him ... the Apostles and Fathers
who laid down laws for the ... let them give us the written evidence for the ...
/.../basil/basil letters and select works/chapter xxvii of the origin.htm

The Contents. The Introduction, Concerning the Causes of Atheism 1
... Vindication of the Honour of God's Laws and Government 227. ... Of the Stoical Opinion
concerning the Self-Sufficiency of ... This a Great Evidence of a Religion coming ...
/.../the contents the introduction concerning.htm

Concerning the Liberty of Seneca, who More Vehemently Censured the ...
... by Ann??us Seneca, whom we have some evidence to show ... But with what freedom he has
written concerning the rites ... observe as being commanded by the laws, but not ...
/.../augustine/city of god/chapter 10 concerning the liberty of.htm

Concerning the Sacrament of Baptism
... is crushed by an infinite number of laws concerning works and ... that, as vows are
multiplied, so laws and works ... I have already said, has no evidence or example ...
/.../first principles of the reformation/concerning the sacrament of baptism.htm

Want of Universality in the Knowledge and Reception of ...
... When we argue concerning Christianity, that it must ... it not be said that irresistible
evidence would confound ... inanimate bodies pay to the laws impressed upon ...
/.../paley/evidences of christianity/chapter vi want of universality.htm

Eusebius: Constantine. General Index.
... Design, [3636]564; evidence of, [3637]565. ... letter of C. to, [3934]528; letter to,
concerning Mambre, [3935 ... Martyrs, in the palaces, [3947]486; laws in favor of ...
/.../pamphilius/the life of constantine/eusebius constantine general index.htm

Though the Fore-Mentioned Eternal Moral Obligations
... A DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE UNCHANGEABLE OBLIGATIONS OF NATURAL RELIGION ... no longer
remain any certain evidence of his ... of the honour of God's laws and government ...
/.../iii proposition iii though the.htm

Whether it is Lawful for a Judge to Pronounce Judgment against the ...
... in general through the public laws, whether Divine ... it is necessary for the judge
to sift the evidence. ... his own knowledge, but in matters concerning the public ...
/...//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether it is lawful for 6.htm

Influences that Gave Rise to the Priestly Laws and Histories
... or decisions, rendered by the priests concerning the various ... and point of view of
these priestly laws as a ... priestly codes there is also evidence of development ...
/.../ix influences that gave rise.htm

Fourth Sunday after Epiphany
... such teachers devote themselves to laws concerning strictly external ... governed in
the adjustment of political laws. ... and our works are evidence of justification ...
/.../luther/epistle sermons vol ii/fourth sunday after epiphany.htm

Resources
Is there any evidence for the Bible's view of a young earth? | GotQuestions.org

What is the best evidence/argument for intelligent design? | GotQuestions.org

What evidence is there of a spiritual realm? | GotQuestions.org

Evidence: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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Evidence

Evidence: Laws Concerning

Evidence: Self-Criminating

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