Borrowing: Israelites from the Egyptians
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The act of borrowing by the Israelites from the Egyptians is a significant event recorded in the Book of Exodus, which highlights God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises to the descendants of Abraham. This event occurs in the context of the Israelites' liberation from slavery in Egypt, a pivotal moment in biblical history.

Biblical Account

The narrative of the Israelites borrowing from the Egyptians is found in Exodus 3:21-22 and Exodus 12:35-36. In Exodus 3:21-22, God instructs Moses regarding the future liberation of the Israelites, saying, "And I will grant this people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that when you leave, you will not go away empty-handed. Every woman is to ask her neighbor and any woman staying in her house for articles of silver and gold, and clothing, which you will put on your sons and daughters. So you will plunder the Egyptians."

This divine instruction is fulfilled in Exodus 12:35-36, where it is recorded, "Furthermore, the Israelites acted on Moses’ word and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold, and for clothing. And the LORD gave the people such favor in the sight of the Egyptians that they granted their request. In this way they plundered the Egyptians."

Theological Significance

The borrowing of valuables from the Egyptians is not merely a transaction but a divinely orchestrated act that underscores several theological themes:

1. Divine Justice and Retribution: The Egyptians had enslaved the Israelites for centuries, subjecting them to harsh labor and oppression. The transfer of wealth from the Egyptians to the Israelites can be seen as a form of divine justice, compensating the Israelites for their years of unpaid labor and suffering.

2. Fulfillment of God's Promises: This event fulfills God's promise to Abraham in Genesis 15:14, where He assured that his descendants would come out of bondage with great possessions. The act of borrowing is a tangible manifestation of God's faithfulness to His covenant.

3. God's Sovereignty and Favor: The favor that the Israelites found in the eyes of the Egyptians is a testament to God's sovereign power to influence the hearts of people. It demonstrates that God can provide for His people in unexpected ways, even through their former oppressors.

4. Preparation for Worship and Community Life: The articles of silver, gold, and clothing were not merely for personal enrichment. These items would later be used in the construction of the Tabernacle and for the establishment of a community that worships Yahweh. Thus, the borrowed items had a sacred purpose in the unfolding plan of God for His people.

Historical and Cultural Context

In the ancient Near Eastern context, the act of borrowing or taking spoils from a defeated enemy was a common practice. However, in the case of the Israelites, the borrowing was unique because it was done without conflict or battle. Instead, it was achieved through God's intervention, highlighting the miraculous nature of the Exodus event.

The term "plunder" used in the biblical text does not imply deceit or theft but rather a divinely sanctioned transfer of wealth. The Egyptians, overwhelmed by the plagues and eager for the Israelites to leave, willingly gave their valuables, recognizing the power of the God of Israel.

Conclusion

The borrowing of valuables by the Israelites from the Egyptians is a multifaceted event that illustrates God's justice, faithfulness, and provision. It serves as a reminder of the divine orchestration in the liberation of God's people and the establishment of a nation set apart for His purposes.
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Exodus 3:22
But every woman shall borrow of her neighbor, and of her that sojournes in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and you shall put them on your sons, and on your daughters; and you shall spoil the Egyptians.
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Exodus 11:2
Speak now in the ears of the people, and let every man borrow of his neighbor, and every woman of her neighbor, jewels of silver and jewels of gold.
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Exodus 12:35
And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:
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Library

Book 2 Footnotes
... of the Jews' departure, and of the Egyptians' deliverance from these ... Nor was there
any sense in borrowing or lending, when the Israelites were finally ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/book 2 footnotes.htm

A Stanza of Deliverance
... people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that ... might mean nothing amiss, for
all borrowing and nonpayment ... These Israelites had lands and houses and other ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 38 1892/a stanza of deliverance.htm

Bunsen's Biblical Researches.
... chronological element in Revelation.' Without borrowing the fifteen ... room in Canaan
for the Israelites, and how ... people, the spoiling of the Egyptians, and the ...
/.../essays and reviews the education of the world/bunsens biblical researches.htm

Answer to Eunomius' Second Book .
... For even as bulky Goliath, when he shook against the Israelites that ponderous spear
we read of, inspired no fear in his opponent, though a shepherd and ...
/.../gregory of nyssa dogmatic treatises etc/answer to eunomius second book.htm

Resources
What does the Bible say about managing your finances? | GotQuestions.org

What is the Golden Rule? | GotQuestions.org

Did the Bible copy some of its stories from other religious myths and legends? | GotQuestions.org

Borrowing: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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