The phrase "Not Because of Israel's Righteousness" refers to a theological concept found in the Old Testament, particularly in the book of Deuteronomy. This concept underscores the idea that God's blessings and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel are not due to the inherent righteousness or moral superiority of the Israelites, but rather due to God's faithfulness, grace, and the fulfillment of His covenant promises.

Biblical Context

The primary scriptural reference for this concept is found in Deuteronomy 9:4-6. In this passage, Moses addresses the Israelites as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. He warns them against self-righteousness and reminds them that their possession of the land is not a result of their own virtue:

"When the LORD your God has driven them out before you, do not say in your heart, 'The LORD has brought me in to possess this land because of my righteousness.' Instead, the LORD will drive out these nations before you because of their wickedness. It is not because of your righteousness or your integrity that you are going in to possess their land, but because of the wickedness of these nations, the LORD your God will drive them out before you, and to fulfill the oath He swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Understand, then, that it is not because of your righteousness that the LORD your God is giving you this good land to possess, for you are a stiff-necked people." (Deuteronomy 9:4-6)

Theological Significance

This passage highlights several key theological themes:

1. Divine Grace and Sovereignty: The passage emphasizes that God's actions are rooted in His grace and sovereign will. The Israelites are reminded that their inheritance of the land is a result of God's promise to the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—rather than their own merit.

2. Human Sinfulness: The reference to Israel as a "stiff-necked people" underscores the persistent sinfulness and rebellion of the nation. This serves as a humbling reminder of humanity's fallen nature and the need for divine intervention and mercy.

3. Judgment and Justice: The displacement of the Canaanite nations is attributed to their wickedness, illustrating God's justice in dealing with sin. This serves as a warning to Israel that they too must remain faithful to avoid similar judgment.

4. Covenant Faithfulness: God's actions are portrayed as a fulfillment of His covenant promises. This underscores the reliability and faithfulness of God, who remains true to His word despite human unfaithfulness.

Application for Believers

For contemporary believers, this concept serves as a reminder of the importance of humility and reliance on God's grace. It challenges individuals to recognize that blessings and salvation are not earned by personal righteousness but are gifts from a gracious and faithful God. This understanding fosters a spirit of gratitude and dependence on divine mercy, encouraging believers to live in obedience and faithfulness as a response to God's unmerited favor.