Psalm 140:3

They sharpen their tongues like snakes; the venom of vipers is on their lips. Selah

Study Bible

They sharpen their tongues like snakes;
This phrase uses the imagery of a snake to describe the malicious intent and deceitful speech of the wicked. In biblical times, snakes were often associated with danger and cunning, as seen in Genesis 3 with the serpent in the Garden of Eden. The sharpening of tongues suggests a deliberate preparation to harm others through words, much like a weapon being honed for battle. This metaphor highlights the destructive power of speech, a theme echoed in James 3:8, where the tongue is described as "a restless evil, full of deadly poison." The comparison to snakes also evokes the idea of hidden threats, as snakes often strike unexpectedly, paralleling the deceitful nature of those who use their words to harm.

the venom of vipers is on their lips.
The mention of "venom" emphasizes the lethal potential of harmful words. Vipers, known for their deadly bite, serve as a powerful symbol of the toxic effects of slander and lies. In the ancient Near East, vipers were feared for their quick and often fatal strikes, making them an apt metaphor for the sudden and devastating impact of malicious speech. This imagery is consistent with other biblical references to the dangers of the tongue, such as Proverbs 18:21, which states, "Death and life are in the power of the tongue." The venomous nature of their speech suggests not only the intent to harm but also the potential to cause lasting damage, both physically and spiritually.

Selah
The term "Selah" is often found in the Psalms and is thought to be a musical or liturgical marker, possibly indicating a pause for reflection or emphasis. Its exact meaning is uncertain, but it serves to draw attention to the preceding statement, encouraging the reader or listener to contemplate the gravity of the words. In this context, "Selah" invites reflection on the destructive power of deceitful speech and the moral implications of using one's words to harm others. It serves as a moment to consider the broader biblical teachings on the importance of truthfulness and the consequences of sin, as well as to seek divine wisdom in guarding one's own speech.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
Traditionally attributed as the author of this psalm, David often wrote about his experiences with adversaries and his reliance on God for deliverance.

2. Enemies of David
The psalm speaks to the malicious intent and deceitful speech of those who opposed David, often representing broader themes of evil and unrighteousness.

3. Snakes and Vipers
Symbolic of deceit and danger, these creatures are used metaphorically to describe the harmful and poisonous nature of the enemies' words.

Teaching Points

The Power of Words
Words can be as harmful as physical weapons. We must be mindful of how we speak to and about others.

Guarding Our Speech
As believers, we are called to speak truth and life, avoiding deceit and malice.

Recognizing Spiritual Warfare
The imagery of snakes and vipers reminds us of the spiritual battle we face, where words can be used by the enemy to sow discord and harm.

Seeking God's Protection
Like David, we should seek God's protection and wisdom in dealing with those who use their words to harm.

Reflecting Christ in Our Speech
Our words should reflect the love and truth of Christ, serving as a testimony to our faith.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the imagery of snakes and vipers in Psalm 140:3 help us understand the nature of deceitful speech?

2. In what ways can we guard our tongues to ensure our words align with biblical teachings?

3. How can we apply the lessons from James 3:8 to our daily interactions with others?

4. What practical steps can we take to seek God's protection against harmful words from others?

5. How can reflecting on Proverbs 12:18 help us use our speech to build others up rather than tear them down?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 3:8
This verse discusses the untamable nature of the tongue, likening it to a restless evil full of deadly poison, which parallels the imagery in Psalm 140:3.

Romans 3:13
Paul references the deceitful nature of human speech, echoing the imagery of venomous words found in Psalm 140:3.

Proverbs 12:18
This proverb contrasts the reckless words that pierce like swords with the healing tongue of the wise, highlighting the power of speech for harm or good.