Proverbs 22:7

The rich rule over the poor, and the borrower is slave to the lender.

Study Bible

The rich rule over the poor
This phrase highlights a recurring theme in biblical literature regarding the dynamics of wealth and power. In ancient Israel, as in many societies, wealth often translated into social and political influence. The rich, by virtue of their resources, could exert control over the less fortunate, shaping societal structures to their advantage. This concept is echoed in other scriptures, such as Ecclesiastes 5:8, which acknowledges the oppression of the poor and the perversion of justice. The Bible frequently warns against the misuse of wealth and power, urging the rich to act justly and to care for the needy, as seen in passages like Isaiah 1:17 and James 2:6.

and the borrower is slave to the lender
This part of the verse underscores the vulnerability and dependency that come with debt. In the ancient Near East, borrowing often led to a loss of freedom, as debtors could become indentured servants if they failed to repay their loans. This reality is reflected in the laws of the Old Testament, such as those found in Leviticus 25:39-43, which provide guidelines for the treatment of debt slaves. The imagery of slavery here is potent, illustrating the loss of autonomy and the burden of obligation that debt imposes. This principle is timeless, warning against the dangers of financial overextension and encouraging prudent stewardship of resources. The New Testament also speaks to the spiritual dimension of debt, with Jesus Christ offering freedom from the ultimate debt of sin, as seen in passages like Romans 6:18, where believers are described as being set free from sin and becoming slaves to righteousness.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Rich
Individuals who possess wealth and resources, often having influence and power over others.

2. The Poor
Those who lack financial resources and are often subject to the authority or control of the wealthy.

3. The Borrower
A person who takes on debt, thereby entering into a relationship of obligation to the lender.

4. The Lender
The individual or entity that provides resources or money to the borrower, establishing a position of authority over them.

Teaching Points

Understanding Financial Authority
Recognize that wealth often brings power and influence, which can be used for good or ill. Christians are called to use their resources responsibly and ethically.

The Burden of Debt
Acknowledge that debt can lead to a form of bondage, limiting freedom and creating stress. It is wise to avoid unnecessary debt and strive for financial independence.

Biblical Stewardship
Embrace the biblical principle of stewardship, managing resources wisely and living within one's means to avoid the pitfalls of debt.

Generosity and Lending
Consider the biblical call to generosity, where lending is done with a spirit of kindness and without expecting repayment, reflecting God's grace.

Spiritual Implications of Debt
Reflect on how financial obligations can impact one's spiritual life, potentially hindering one's ability to serve God fully and freely.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the relationship between the rich and the poor in Proverbs 22:7 reflect broader societal structures, and what is the Christian response to these dynamics?

2. In what ways can debt become a form of bondage in our lives, and how can we apply biblical principles to avoid or overcome it?

3. How does the concept of stewardship influence our approach to borrowing and lending, and what practical steps can we take to be better stewards of our resources?

4. How can we balance the need for financial security with the call to be generous and open-handed, as seen in other biblical teachings?

5. Reflect on a time when financial obligations affected your spiritual life. How can you apply the teachings of Proverbs 22:7 to ensure that your financial decisions align with your faith?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 15:6
This verse discusses the blessings of obedience, including the ability to lend to many nations and not borrow, highlighting the freedom and authority that comes with being a lender rather than a borrower.

Romans 13:8
This passage emphasizes the importance of owing nothing to anyone except love, suggesting that financial debt can be a hindrance to living a life of love and service.

Matthew 6:24
Jesus teaches about serving two masters, which can be related to the divided loyalties and pressures that come with debt and financial obligations.