Numbers 7:23

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nethanel son of Zuar.

Study Bible

and a peace offering of two oxen
The peace offering, also known as a fellowship offering, was a voluntary sacrifice expressing thanksgiving and communion with God. Oxen were valuable animals, symbolizing strength and service, and their use in offerings indicated a significant sacrifice. This offering was part of the dedication of the altar, reflecting the Israelites' desire for peace and fellowship with God. The use of two oxen underscores the importance of the occasion and the wealth of the tribe of Issachar, represented by Nethanel.

five rams
Rams were often used in sacrificial offerings and symbolized leadership and authority. The number five can represent grace or God's goodness in biblical numerology. The inclusion of five rams in the offering highlights the tribe's acknowledgment of God's grace and their submission to His authority. Rams were also used in the consecration of priests, linking this offering to the priestly service and dedication to God.

five male goats
Goats were commonly used in sin offerings, symbolizing the removal of sin and impurity. The number five again emphasizes grace. The presence of five male goats in the peace offering suggests a recognition of the need for purification and atonement, even in the context of thanksgiving and fellowship. This reflects the comprehensive nature of the offerings, addressing both sin and gratitude.

and five male lambs a year old
Lambs, especially those a year old, were considered pure and without blemish, making them suitable for sacrifice. The use of five lambs further emphasizes the theme of grace. Lambs are often seen as a type of Christ, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29). This offering foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, highlighting the peace and reconciliation He brings between God and humanity.

This was the offering of Nethanel son of Zuar.
Nethanel, the leader of the tribe of Issachar, presents this offering on behalf of his tribe. Issachar was known for its wisdom and understanding of the times (1 Chronicles 12:32). Nethanel's offering reflects the tribe's devotion and commitment to God. The mention of his father, Zuar, emphasizes the importance of lineage and heritage in Israelite culture, underscoring the continuity of faith and obedience across generations.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Nashon
The leader of the tribe of Judah, who brought the offering described in this verse. Nashon is significant as an ancestor of King David and Jesus Christ.

2. Tribe of Judah
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, known for its leadership role among the tribes and its association with kingship and the lineage of Jesus.

3. Tabernacle
The portable sanctuary where the Israelites worshiped God during their journey in the wilderness. The offerings were made for its dedication.

4. Sanctuary Shekel
A unit of weight used in the tabernacle, indicating the standard by which offerings were measured.

5. Grain Offering
A type of offering made to God, consisting of fine flour mixed with oil, symbolizing dedication and thanksgiving.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Order in Worship
The detailed description of offerings in Numbers 7 underscores the importance of order and reverence in worship. God values our intentionality and preparation in approaching Him.

Symbolism of the Grain Offering
The grain offering, made of fine flour and oil, symbolizes purity and the work of the Holy Spirit. It reminds us to offer our best to God, both in material and spiritual terms.

Generosity and Sacrifice
The substantial weight of the silver offerings reflects the generosity and sacrifice expected from God's people. We are called to give sacrificially, recognizing that all we have is from God.

Continuity of God's Plan
The mention of Nashon and the tribe of Judah connects to the broader account of God's redemptive plan, culminating in Jesus Christ. This reminds us of God's faithfulness across generations.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the detailed description of offerings in Numbers 7:23 reflect the character of God and His expectations for worship?

2. In what ways can the symbolism of the grain offering (fine flour mixed with oil) be applied to our personal spiritual lives today?

3. How does the concept of the "sanctuary shekel" challenge us to consider the standards by which we measure our own offerings to God?

4. What lessons can we learn from the tribe of Judah's role in the history of Israel and its connection to Jesus Christ?

5. How can we practice generosity and sacrificial giving in our own lives, inspired by the offerings described in Numbers 7?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 25-31
These chapters describe the construction of the Tabernacle and the significance of offerings, providing context for the offerings in Numbers 7.

Leviticus 2
This chapter outlines the regulations for grain offerings, emphasizing their role in worship and dedication to God.

Matthew 1
The genealogy of Jesus, which includes Nashon, highlighting the continuity of God's plan through the tribe of Judah.