Numbers 35:20

Likewise, if anyone maliciously pushes another or intentionally throws an object at him and kills him,

Study Bible

Likewise, if anyone maliciously pushes another
This phrase addresses the intent behind an action, emphasizing malice. In biblical law, intent is crucial in determining guilt. The Hebrew legal system distinguished between accidental and intentional harm, reflecting God's justice. The concept of malice is echoed in Jesus' teachings, where He addresses the heart's intent (Matthew 5:21-22).

or intentionally throws an object at him
The act of throwing an object with intent to harm highlights premeditation. This reflects the ancient Near Eastern legal principle of lex talionis, or "an eye for an eye," which sought to ensure justice was proportional. The specificity of the action underscores the importance of intent in biblical law, contrasting with accidental harm.

and kills him
The consequence of death elevates the act to murder, a grave sin in biblical teaching. The sanctity of life is a core biblical principle, rooted in humanity being made in God's image (Genesis 1:27). This phrase connects to the commandment "You shall not murder" (Exodus 20:13) and underscores the severity of taking a life intentionally.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Israelites
The people to whom the laws in Numbers were given, as they were preparing to enter the Promised Land.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received and communicated God's laws to the people.

3. Cities of Refuge
Designated places where individuals who committed manslaughter could flee for protection until a fair trial.

4. The Accused
The person who has committed an act of violence, either intentionally or unintentionally.

5. The Victim
The person who suffers harm or death as a result of the accused's actions.

Teaching Points

Intent Matters
The passage highlights the importance of intent in determining guilt. In our lives, we should examine our motives and ensure they align with God's will.

Justice and Mercy
God's law provides a balance of justice and mercy. We should strive to uphold justice while extending mercy in our interactions with others.

The Sanctity of Life
This law underscores the value God places on human life. We are called to respect and protect life in all its forms.

Accountability
The passage reminds us of the need for accountability in our actions. We should be mindful of how our actions affect others and take responsibility for them.

Seeking Refuge in God
Just as the cities of refuge provided safety, we can find refuge in God through faith in Christ, especially when we face life's challenges.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of intent in Numbers 35:20 influence our understanding of justice in today's legal systems?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of seeking refuge in God to our daily lives?

3. How does Jesus' teaching in Matthew 5:21-22 expand on the laws given in Numbers 35:20?

4. What steps can we take to ensure our actions and motives align with God's will, as highlighted in this passage?

5. How can we balance justice and mercy in our relationships, reflecting the principles found in Numbers 35:20?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 21:12-14
This passage outlines the laws regarding murder and manslaughter, providing context for the laws in Numbers 35.

Deuteronomy 19:4-6
Further elaborates on the concept of cities of refuge and the distinction between intentional and unintentional killing.

Matthew 5:21-22
Jesus expands on the commandment against murder, addressing the heart's intentions and anger.

Romans 12:19
Emphasizes leaving vengeance to God, which relates to the justice system established in Numbers 35.

Hebrews 6:18
Refers to the hope and refuge found in God, drawing a parallel to the cities of refuge.