Jeremiah 20:17
because he did not kill me in the womb so that my mother might have been my grave, and her womb forever enlarged.
because he did not kill me in the womb
This phrase reflects Jeremiah's deep despair and anguish. In the context of Jeremiah's life, he faced intense persecution and rejection for his prophetic messages. The idea of being killed in the womb is a hyperbolic expression of wishing he had never been born, similar to Job's lament in Job 3:11. This reflects the cultural understanding of life beginning at conception, a view consistent with other biblical passages such as Psalm 139:13-16, which speaks of God's involvement in the formation of life in the womb.

so that my mother might have been my grave
Here, Jeremiah uses vivid imagery to express his wish that his life had ended before it began. The concept of the womb as a grave is a powerful metaphor, indicating a desire for non-existence rather than enduring suffering. This reflects the ancient Near Eastern view of the womb as a place of both life and potential death, as childbirth was fraught with danger. Theologically, it underscores the tension between the sanctity of life and the reality of human suffering.

and her womb forever enlarged
This phrase suggests a perpetual state of pregnancy, which in the context of Jeremiah's lament, symbolizes unending sorrow and unfulfilled potential. In ancient cultures, barrenness or perpetual pregnancy could be seen as a curse or a sign of divine displeasure. The imagery here contrasts with the blessing of children as described in passages like Psalm 127:3-5. It also highlights the depth of Jeremiah's despair, as he feels trapped in a cycle of pain and unrelenting burden, much like the unending labor pains described in Genesis 3:16 as part of the curse after the Fall.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jeremiah
The prophet who is expressing his deep anguish and despair in this passage. Known for his role as a prophet during a tumultuous time in Judah's history, he often faced persecution and rejection.

2. The Womb
Symbolically represents the place of life and potential, yet here it is depicted as a place of death and despair in Jeremiah's lament.

3. Jeremiah's Mother
While not named, she is referenced as part of Jeremiah's lament, symbolizing the source of life that could have been his grave.

4. Judah
The southern kingdom of Israel, where Jeremiah prophesied. The nation was facing impending judgment and exile due to its disobedience to God.

5. God
The ultimate authority in Jeremiah's life, who called him to be a prophet and whose plans and purposes are central to the account.
Teaching Points
The Reality of Despair
Jeremiah's words remind us that even the most faithful servants of God can experience deep despair and anguish. It is important to acknowledge and address these feelings rather than suppress them.

The Sanctity of Life
Despite Jeremiah's lament, the passage indirectly affirms the value and sanctity of life, as it reflects the deep struggle and significance of existence.

God's Sovereignty and Purpose
Even in moments of despair, believers are encouraged to trust in God's overarching plan and purpose for their lives, as seen throughout Scripture.

The Power of Lament
Lament is a biblical way to process pain and suffering. It allows believers to bring their deepest emotions before God, trusting in His understanding and compassion.

Hope Beyond Despair
While Jeremiah expresses a wish for death, the broader account of Scripture points to hope and redemption, encouraging believers to seek God's presence and promises in times of trouble.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Jeremiah's expression of despair in this verse reflect the broader context of his prophetic ministry and the challenges he faced?

2. In what ways can we relate to Jeremiah's feelings of despair, and how can we find comfort in God's Word during such times?

3. How does the concept of the womb as both a place of life and potential death challenge or affirm your understanding of the sanctity of life?

4. What other biblical figures experienced similar moments of despair, and how did they find hope and restoration in God?

5. How can the practice of lament, as seen in Jeremiah's life, be a healthy and biblical way to process our own struggles and emotions?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Job's Lament
Similar to Jeremiah, Job also laments his birth and wishes he had never been born, highlighting the depth of human suffering and despair.

Psalm 139
Contrasts Jeremiah's lament by celebrating God's intimate knowledge and care for us even in the womb, emphasizing God's sovereignty and purpose.

Isaiah 49
Speaks of God's calling and purpose for individuals even from the womb, offering a perspective of hope and divine purpose.
The Sorrow and Joy of God's ServantA.F. Muir Jeremiah 20:7-18
Evil WatchersJ. Parker, D. D.Jeremiah 20:10-18
Existence RegrettedD. Pledge.Jeremiah 20:10-18
Pathetic ExperiencesJ. Parker, D. D.Jeremiah 20:10-18
The Best ChampionJohn Trapp.Jeremiah 20:10-18
Is Life Worth Living?S. Conway Jeremiah 20:14-18
The Prophet Cursing the Day of His BirthD. Young Jeremiah 20:14-18
People
Benjamin, Immer, Jeremiah, Magormissabib, Pashur
Places
Babylon, Benjamin Gate, Topheth
Topics
Age-during, Always, Birth, Body, Child, Death, Delivered, Didn't, Enlarged, Forever, Grave, Kill, Mother's, Pregnancy, Pregnant, Resting-place, Slew, Womb
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Jeremiah 20:17

     9040   grave, the

Jeremiah 20:14-18

     5067   suicide
     5945   self-pity
     8615   prayer, doubts

Jeremiah 20:15-18

     5831   depression

Library
The Revelation to which the Scripture of the Old Testament Owes Its Existence.
"O Lord, . . . Thou art stronger than I, and hast prevailed."--Jer. xx. 7. The understanding of the Holy Spirit's work in Scripture requires us to distinguish the preparation, and the formation that was the outcome of the preparation. We will discuss these two separately. The Holy Spirit prepared for Scripture by the operations which from Paradise to Patmos supernaturally apprehended the sinful life of this world, and thus raised up believing men who formed the developing Church. This will seem very
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Revelation of the Old Testament in Writing.
"Then I said, I will not speak any more in His Name. But His word was in my heart as a burning fire, shut up in my bones: and I was weary with forbearing, but I could not."--Jer. xx. 9. Altho the miracles performed for and in the midst of Israel created a glorious life-center in the midst of the heathen world, yet they did not constitute a Holy Scripture; for this can not be created except God speak to man, even to His people Israel. "God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in times
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

One Thing is Needful;
or, SERIOUS MEDITATIONS UPON THE FOUR LAST THINGS: DEATH, JUDGMENT, HEAVEN, AND HELL UNTO WHICH IS ADDED EBAL AND GERIZZIM, OR THE BLESSING AND THE CURSE, by John Bunyan. London: Printed for Nath. Ponder, at the Peacock in the Poultry, 1688.[1] ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. According to Charles Doe, in that curious sheet called The Struggler for the Preservation of Mr. John Bunyan's Labours, these poems were published about the year 1664, while the author was suffering imprisonment for conscience
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

The Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Discourse Suggested Thereby.
(Galilee.) ^A Matt. XI. 2-30; ^C Luke VII. 18-35. ^c 18 And the disciples of John told him of all these things. ^a 2 Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent by his disciples ^c 19 And John calling unto him two of his disciples sent them unto the Lord [John had been cast into prison about December, a.d. 27, and it was now after the Passover, possibly in May or June, a.d. 28. Herod Antipas had cast John into prison because John had reproved him for taking his brother's wife.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Hindrances to Mourning
What shall we do to get our heart into this mourning frame? Do two things. Take heed of those things which will stop these channels of mourning; put yourselves upon the use of all means that will help forward holy mourning. Take heed of those things which will stop the current of tears. There are nine hindrances of mourning. 1 The love of sin. The love of sin is like a stone in the pipe which hinders the current of water. The love of sin makes sin taste sweet and this sweetness in sin bewitches the
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

Jeremiah, a Lesson for the Disappointed.
"Be not afraid of their faces: for I am with thee to deliver thee, saith the Lord."--Jeremiah i. 8. The Prophets were ever ungratefully treated by the Israelites, they were resisted, their warnings neglected, their good services forgotten. But there was this difference between the earlier and the later Prophets; the earlier lived and died in honour among their people,--in outward honour; though hated and thwarted by the wicked, they were exalted to high places, and ruled in the congregation.
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII

Meditations for the Morning.
1. Almighty God can, in the resurrection, as easily raise up thy body out of the grave, from the sleep of death, as he hath this morning wakened thee in thy bed, out of the sleep of nature. At the dawning of which resurrection day, Christ shall come to be glorified in his saints; and every one of the bodies of the thousands of his saints, being fashioned like unto his glorious body, shall shine as bright as the sun (2 Thess. i. 10; Jude, ver. 14; Phil. iii. 21; Luke ix. 31;) all the angels shining
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Ninth Commandment
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.' Exod 20: 16. THE tongue which at first was made to be an organ of God's praise, is now become an instrument of unrighteousness. This commandment binds the tongue to its good behaviour. God has set two natural fences to keep in the tongue, the teeth and lips; and this commandment is a third fence set about it, that it should not break forth into evil. It has a prohibitory and a mandatory part: the first is set down in plain words, the other
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Jeremiah
The interest of the book of Jeremiah is unique. On the one hand, it is our most reliable and elaborate source for the long period of history which it covers; on the other, it presents us with prophecy in its most intensely human phase, manifesting itself through a strangely attractive personality that was subject to like doubts and passions with ourselves. At his call, in 626 B.C., he was young and inexperienced, i. 6, so that he cannot have been born earlier than 650. The political and religious
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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