Isaiah 17:6

Yet gleanings will remain, like an olive tree that has been beaten--two or three berries atop the tree, four or five on its fruitful branches," declares the LORD, the God of Israel.

Study Bible

Yet gleanings will remain
This phrase suggests a remnant or small portion left after a larger part has been removed or destroyed. In the context of Isaiah 17, it refers to the aftermath of judgment upon Damascus and Israel. The concept of a remnant is a recurring theme in the Bible, symbolizing hope and the preservation of God's people despite widespread devastation. This idea is echoed in passages like Isaiah 10:20-22, where a remnant of Israel returns to the mighty God. Theologically, it underscores God's mercy and faithfulness to His covenant, ensuring that a faithful few will survive to continue His purposes.

like an olive tree that has been beaten
The imagery of an olive tree being beaten is drawn from the agricultural practice of harvesting olives by striking the branches to make the fruit fall. This metaphor illustrates the thoroughness of the judgment, leaving only a small amount behind. Olive trees were a significant part of the ancient Near Eastern economy, symbolizing prosperity and blessing. The beating of the tree signifies a stripping away of abundance, leaving only what is necessary for survival. This can be seen as a metaphor for God's discipline, where He removes excess to purify and refine His people.

two or three berries atop the tree
This phrase emphasizes the scarcity of what remains after judgment. The "two or three berries" represent the small, seemingly insignificant remnant that survives. In biblical numerology, the numbers two and three can signify witness and divine completeness, respectively. This remnant, though small, serves as a witness to God's ongoing work and faithfulness. It also reflects the idea that God often works through a faithful few, as seen in the stories of Noah, Gideon, and the early church.

four or five on its fruitful branches
The mention of "four or five" berries on the branches further highlights the limited nature of what remains. The numbers four and five can symbolize universality and grace, respectively. This suggests that even in judgment, God's grace is present, preserving a remnant for His purposes. The fruitful branches indicate that despite the reduction, there is still potential for future growth and restoration. This aligns with the biblical theme of hope and renewal, as seen in passages like Isaiah 11:1, where a shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse.

declares the LORD, the God of Israel
This phrase asserts the authority and sovereignty of God over the events described. The use of "declares" indicates a prophetic pronouncement, emphasizing that the message comes directly from God. Referring to God as "the God of Israel" reinforces His covenant relationship with His people and His commitment to their ultimate redemption. This title also serves as a reminder of God's historical acts of deliverance and judgment, as seen throughout the Old Testament. It assures the audience that the prophecy is not merely a human prediction but a divine decree that will surely come to pass.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Isaiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, Isaiah is the author of the book. He prophesied during the reigns of several kings of Judah and is known for his messages of both judgment and hope.

2. Israel
The northern kingdom, often referred to in prophecies concerning judgment due to their idolatry and disobedience to God.

3. Olive Tree
A symbol of prosperity and blessing in ancient Israel. The imagery of an olive tree being beaten reflects a time of judgment and loss, yet with a remnant remaining.

4. Gleanings
The remnants left after harvest, which were often left for the poor and needy. This symbolizes the small remnant of people who will remain faithful or be spared.

5. The LORD, the God of Israel
The covenant God of Israel, who declares both judgment and the promise of a remnant.

Teaching Points

The Faithful Remnant
Despite widespread judgment, God always preserves a remnant. This encourages believers to remain faithful, knowing that God sees and preserves those who are committed to Him.

God's Sovereignty in Judgment and Mercy
The passage highlights God's control over both judgment and mercy. Believers can trust in God's perfect justice and His ability to preserve His people.

Hope Amidst Judgment
Even in times of great difficulty or judgment, there is hope. The imagery of the olive tree suggests that God’s purposes will continue through those who remain faithful.

The Importance of Spiritual Fruitfulness
Just as the olive tree is valued for its fruit, believers are called to bear spiritual fruit. This passage challenges us to examine our lives for evidence of spiritual growth and fruitfulness.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the imagery of the olive tree in Isaiah 17:6 help us understand God's message to Israel?

2. In what ways can we see the concept of a remnant in the New Testament, and how does it apply to the church today?

3. How can the principle of gleanings in Leviticus 19:9-10 inform our understanding of God's provision and care for the marginalized?

4. What are some practical ways we can ensure we are part of the faithful remnant in our own spiritual lives?

5. How does the theme of hope amidst judgment in Isaiah 17:6 encourage you in your current circumstances?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 19:9-10
This passage discusses the law of gleaning, where farmers were instructed to leave the edges of their fields unharvested for the poor and the foreigner. This connects to the idea of a remnant being left in Isaiah 17:6.

Romans 11:5
Paul speaks of a remnant chosen by grace, which echoes the theme of a faithful remnant in Isaiah.

Micah 7:1
Micah laments the lack of godly people, using similar imagery of gleaning, which parallels the situation in Isaiah 17:6.