Ezra 2:61
And from among the priests: the descendants of Hobaiah, the descendants of Hakkoz, and the descendants of Barzillai (who had married a daughter of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name).
And from among the priests:
This phrase indicates a specific group within the returning exiles, highlighting the importance of the priestly lineage in post-exilic Israel. The priests were responsible for temple worship and sacrifices, and maintaining their genealogical purity was crucial. This reflects the emphasis on holiness and separation for those serving in the temple, as seen in Leviticus and Numbers.

the descendants of Hobaiah,
Hobaiah is a name that appears only in this context, suggesting a lesser-known priestly family. The mention of descendants underscores the importance of lineage and heritage in maintaining the priestly role, as seen in the genealogies of 1 Chronicles.

the descendants of Hakkoz,
Hakkoz is a more prominent priestly family, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 24:10 as one of the divisions of priests established by King David. This connection emphasizes the continuity of priestly service from the time of David through the exile and return.

and the descendants of Barzillai (who had married a daughter of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name):
Barzillai the Gileadite was a wealthy supporter of King David during Absalom's rebellion (2 Samuel 17:27-29). His loyalty to David is remembered, and his name carries honor. The priestly descendant marrying into this family and taking the name signifies the merging of priestly and noble lines, reflecting the social and familial dynamics of the time. This also highlights the importance of names and heritage in Israelite culture, as seen in the emphasis on genealogies throughout the Old Testament.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Hobaiah
A family line among the priests returning from Babylonian exile. Their lineage was questioned due to lack of genealogical records.

2. Hakkoz
Another priestly family whose lineage was scrutinized. They were unable to prove their ancestry, which was crucial for priestly duties.

3. Barzillai
A priestly family that had intermarried with the family of Barzillai the Gileadite, adopting their name. This highlights the importance of maintaining distinct priestly lineage.

4. Barzillai the Gileadite
A notable figure from the time of King David, known for his loyalty and support during Absalom's rebellion. His name carried significant honor and respect.

5. The Return from Exile
The broader context of this passage is the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon to Jerusalem, a pivotal event in Jewish history.
Teaching Points
Importance of Genealogy in Priesthood
The priestly role required a verified lineage to ensure purity and adherence to God's commands. This underscores the importance of spiritual heritage and faithfulness in leadership roles today.

Intermarriage and Identity
The adoption of the Barzillai name illustrates the complexities of identity and heritage. Believers are reminded to maintain their spiritual identity in Christ, even amidst cultural influences.

Faithfulness and Legacy
Barzillai the Gileadite's legacy of faithfulness to David serves as a reminder of the lasting impact of loyalty and integrity. Christians are encouraged to build a legacy of faithfulness to God.

Challenges of Restoration
The return from exile was fraught with challenges, including verifying priestly lineages. This reflects the broader theme of restoration and the need for diligence and faithfulness in rebuilding spiritual lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. What significance did genealogical records hold for the priestly families, and how does this relate to the importance of spiritual heritage today?

2. How does the account of Barzillai the Gileadite inspire us to live lives of integrity and faithfulness?

3. In what ways can we maintain our spiritual identity in Christ amidst cultural and societal influences?

4. What challenges do we face in our own spiritual restoration, and how can we overcome them with faithfulness and diligence?

5. How can the legacy of faithfulness, as seen in Barzillai's support for David, influence our actions and decisions in our daily lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Nehemiah 7:63-65
This passage parallels Ezra 2:61, providing additional details about the priestly families unable to prove their lineage.

1 Chronicles 5:17
Discusses genealogical records, emphasizing their importance for roles and responsibilities within the community.

2 Samuel 17:27-29
Describes Barzillai the Gileadite's support for David, highlighting his honorable character and the respect his name commanded.
Spiritual SignificancesW. Clarkson Ezra 2:1-67
Men Forsaking the Worldly LifeJ.S. Exell Ezra 2:1-70
A Suggestive RecordWilliam Jones.Ezra 2:2-64
Religious ServiceWilliam Jones.Ezra 2:2-64
The Privileges of the PriesthoodJ.A. Macdonald Ezra 2:61-63
People
Akkub, Ami, Asaph, Asnah, Ater, Baanah, Bakbuk, Barkos, Barzillai, Bazluth, Besai, Bigvai, Bilshan, Darkon, Delaiah, Gahar, Gazzam, Giddel, Habaiah, Hagab, Hagabah, Hakkoz, Hakupha, Hanan, Harhur, Harsha, Hasupha, Hatipha, Hatita, Hattil, Hezekiah, Hodaviah, Immer, Israelites, Jaalah, Jedaiah, Jeshua, Joab, Jorah, Kadmiel, Keros, Koz, Lebanah, Mehida, Mehunim, Meunim, Mizpar, Mordecai, Nebuchadnezzar, Nehemiah, Nekoda, Nephusim, Neziah, Padon, Pahathmoab, Parosh, Paseah, Pashur, Peruda, Phaseah, Pochereth, Reaiah, Reelaiah, Rehum, Rezin, Seraiah, Shallum, Shalmai, Shephatiah, Shobai, Siaha, Sisera, Solomon, Sophereth, Sotai, Tabbaoth, Talmon, Thamah, Tobiah, Tobijah, Uzza, Zaccai, Zattu, Zerubbabel, Ziha
Places
Ai, Anathoth, Azmaveth, Babylon, Babylonia, Beeroth, Bethel, Bethlehem, Cherub, Geba, Hadid, Immer, Jericho, Jerusalem, Kiriath-arim, Lod, Michmas, Nebo, Netophah, Ono, Ramah, Tel-harsha, Tel-melah
Topics
Barzillai, Barzil'lai, Daughter, Daughters, Descendants, Gileadite, Habaiah, Habai'ah, Hakkoz, Hobaiah, Koz, Married, Priests, Sons, Wife
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezra 2:1-65

     5249   census

Ezra 2:1-67

     7230   genealogies

Library
Altar and Temple
'And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem. 2. Then stood up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God. 3. And they set the altar upon his bases; for fear was upon them because of the people of those
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Apocalypse.
On the Lit. and life of John, see §§ 40 and 41 (this vol.); on the authorship of the Apoc. and the time of composition, § 37 (this vol.); § 41 (this vol.); and § 84 (this vol.) 1. Modern Critical, works of German and French scholars on the Apocalypse: Lücke (Voltständige Einleitung, etc., 2d ed., 1852; 1,074 pages of introductory matter, critical and historical; compare with it the review of Bleek in the "Studien and Kritiken" for 1854 and 1855); DeWette Com., 1848,
Philip Schaff—History of the Christian Church, Volume I

Barzillai
BY REV. GEORGE MILLIGAN, M.A., D.D. "There is nothing," says Socrates to Cephalus in the Republic, "I like better than conversing with aged men. For I regard them as travellers who have gone a journey which I too may have to go, and of whom it is right to learn the character of the way, whether it is rugged or difficult, or smooth and easy" (p. 328 E.). It is to such an aged traveller that we are introduced in the person of Barzillai the Gileadite. And though he is one of the lesser-known characters
George Milligan—Men of the Bible; Some Lesser-Known

The Historical Books.
1. In the Pentateuch we have the establishment of the Theocracy, with the preparatory and accompanying history pertaining to it. The province of the historical books is to unfold its practiced working, and to show how, under the divine superintendence and guidance, it accomplished the end for which it was given. They contain, therefore, primarily, a history of God's dealings with the covenant people under the economy which he had imposed upon them. They look at the course of human events on the
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

The Old Testament Canon from Its Beginning to Its Close.
The first important part of the Old Testament put together as a whole was the Pentateuch, or rather, the five books of Moses and Joshua. This was preceded by smaller documents, which one or more redactors embodied in it. The earliest things committed to writing were probably the ten words proceeding from Moses himself, afterwards enlarged into the ten commandments which exist at present in two recensions (Exod. xx., Deut. v.) It is true that we have the oldest form of the decalogue from the Jehovist
Samuel Davidson—The Canon of the Bible

And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah
"And thou, Bethlehem Ephratah, too little to be among the thousands of Judah, out of thee shall come forth unto Me (one) [Pg 480] to be Ruler in Israel; and His goings forth are the times of old, the days of eternity." The close connection of this verse with what immediately precedes (Caspari is wrong in considering iv. 9-14 as an episode) is evident, not only from the [Hebrew: v] copulative, and from the analogy of the near relation of the announcement of salvation to the prophecy of disaster
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Ezra-Nehemiah
Some of the most complicated problems in Hebrew history as well as in the literary criticism of the Old Testament gather about the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Apart from these books, all that we know of the origin and early history of Judaism is inferential. They are our only historical sources for that period; and if in them we have, as we seem to have, authentic memoirs, fragmentary though they be, written by the two men who, more than any other, gave permanent shape and direction to Judaism, then
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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