Ecclesiastes 6:2

God gives a man riches, wealth, and honor, so that he lacks nothing his heart desires; but God does not allow him to enjoy them. Instead, a stranger will enjoy them. This is futile and a grievous affliction.

Study Bible

God gives a man riches, wealth, and honor
This phrase highlights the belief that all material blessings originate from God. In the biblical context, riches, wealth, and honor are often seen as signs of God's favor, as seen in the lives of figures like Solomon (1 Kings 3:13) and Job (Job 1:1-3). However, the emphasis here is on the divine source of these blessings, reminding readers that human effort alone does not guarantee prosperity. This aligns with the broader biblical teaching that God is sovereign over all aspects of life, including material success (Deuteronomy 8:18).

so that he lacks nothing his heart desires
This phrase suggests a state of complete satisfaction and fulfillment, reminiscent of the promises found in Psalm 23:1, where the Lord is described as a shepherd who provides all needs. The heart's desires in biblical terms often refer to deep-seated longings and aspirations. However, the text implies that even when these desires are met, true contentment may still be elusive, pointing to the limitations of material wealth in providing lasting satisfaction.

but God does not allow him to enjoy them
Here, the text introduces a paradox where, despite having everything, the individual is unable to find joy in their possessions. This reflects the theme of divine sovereignty and the transient nature of earthly pleasures, as echoed in Ecclesiastes 2:26. It suggests that enjoyment is also a gift from God, not automatically granted with wealth. This can be seen as a warning against placing ultimate trust in material possessions, which can be fleeting and unsatisfying without God's blessing.

Instead, a stranger will enjoy them
This phrase underscores the futility of accumulating wealth for oneself, as it may ultimately benefit others. This idea is echoed in Ecclesiastes 2:18-19, where the Preacher laments leaving his labor to someone who did not work for it. Historically, this reflects the instability of wealth in ancient times, where political upheaval or personal misfortune could easily transfer wealth to others. It serves as a reminder of the unpredictability of life and the importance of focusing on eternal rather than temporal treasures (Matthew 6:19-21).

This is futile and a grievous affliction
The conclusion of the verse emphasizes the vanity and sorrow associated with misplaced priorities. The term "futile" is a recurring theme in Ecclesiastes, often translated as "vanity" or "meaninglessness," highlighting the temporary and unsatisfying nature of worldly pursuits. The "grievous affliction" suggests deep emotional and spiritual distress, pointing to the emptiness that can accompany a life focused solely on material gain. This aligns with the broader message of Ecclesiastes, which calls readers to seek fulfillment in God rather than in earthly achievements.

Persons / Places / Events

1. God
The sovereign giver of all things, including riches, wealth, and honor.

2. The Man
Represents any individual who receives material blessings but is unable to enjoy them.

3. The Stranger
An unspecified person who ultimately benefits from the man's wealth.

4. Solomon
Traditionally considered the author of Ecclesiastes, reflecting on the futility of earthly pursuits.

5. Israel
The broader context of the audience who would have been familiar with the themes of blessing and futility.

Teaching Points

The Source of Blessings
Recognize that all material blessings come from God, and we are stewards of what He provides.

The Futility of Wealth Without Enjoyment
Understand that wealth alone does not guarantee happiness or fulfillment; true joy comes from God.

The Sovereignty of God
Acknowledge God's control over who enjoys wealth and who does not, reminding us of our dependence on Him.

The Danger of Misplaced Priorities
Reflect on the importance of prioritizing spiritual wealth over material wealth.

The Call to Generosity
Use material blessings to bless others, aligning with God's purposes and avoiding the futility of hoarding wealth.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does recognizing God as the source of all blessings change our perspective on wealth and possessions?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are enjoying the blessings God has given us, rather than allowing them to become a source of futility?

3. How can the account of the rich fool in Luke 12:16-21 inform our understanding of Ecclesiastes 6:2?

4. What practical steps can we take to align our priorities with God's will, especially in the context of wealth and material possessions?

5. How can we apply the teachings of 1 Timothy 6:17-19 to our lives to avoid the "grievous affliction" mentioned in Ecclesiastes 6:2?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Job 21:13-15
This passage discusses the prosperity of the wicked and their ultimate lack of peace, paralleling the futility of wealth without divine blessing.

Luke 12:16-21
The parable of the rich fool illustrates the danger of storing up earthly treasures without being "rich toward God."

James 4:13-15
Highlights the uncertainty of life and the importance of seeking God's will rather than relying on material wealth.

1 Timothy 6:17-19
Advises the wealthy to place their hope in God and to be generous, contrasting the futility of riches with the value of good deeds.