Acts 25:13

After several days had passed, King Agrippa and Bernice came down to Caesarea to pay their respects to Festus.

Study Bible

After several days had passed
This phrase indicates a passage of time, suggesting a period of deliberation or preparation. In the context of Acts, it reflects the ongoing political and judicial processes of the Roman Empire. The Greek word for "days" (ἡμέραι) often signifies a period of waiting or anticipation, which in this case, sets the stage for a significant encounter. Historically, this time lapse could imply the careful planning of Agrippa and Bernice's visit, highlighting the importance of the events that are about to unfold.

King Agrippa
This refers to Herod Agrippa II, the last of the Herodian rulers. His full name was Marcus Julius Agrippa, and he was the great-grandson of Herod the Great. Agrippa II was known for his knowledge of Jewish customs and laws, which made him a significant figure in the context of Paul's trials. His presence in the narrative underscores the intersection of Jewish and Roman worlds, as Agrippa was a client king under Roman authority. The title "King" (βασιλεύς) emphasizes his political power and influence, though his authority was limited by Roman oversight.

and Bernice
Bernice was the sister of King Agrippa II and Drusilla, who was married to Felix, the previous governor. Her presence alongside Agrippa is notable, as she was a prominent and controversial figure in her own right. The mention of Bernice highlights the familial and political dynamics at play. Historically, Bernice was known for her beauty and her complex personal life, which included rumors of an inappropriate relationship with her brother Agrippa. Her involvement in this event adds a layer of intrigue and complexity to the narrative.

came down to Caesarea
Caesarea was a significant city in the Roman province of Judea, serving as the administrative center and the residence of the Roman governor. The phrase "came down" (καταβαίνω) is often used in the Bible to describe travel from a higher elevation to a lower one, as Jerusalem is situated on a hill. Caesarea's role as a hub of Roman power and influence makes it a fitting location for the unfolding of these events. Archaeologically, Caesarea is known for its impressive Roman architecture, including an amphitheater and aqueducts, reflecting its importance as a center of governance and culture.

to pay their respects to Festus
This phrase indicates a formal visit, likely intended to establish or maintain political alliances. Festus, the Roman governor, had recently succeeded Felix, and such visits were customary to show allegiance and support. The Greek word for "pay their respects" (ἀσπάζομαι) can also mean to greet or salute, suggesting a diplomatic gesture. This visit underscores the political maneuvering and the delicate balance of power between Roman authorities and local rulers. Festus's role as governor placed him at the center of judicial proceedings, including the trial of Paul, which Agrippa and Bernice would soon become involved in.

Persons / Places / Events

1. King Agrippa
Herod Agrippa II, the last of the Herodian dynasty, was a ruler with authority over Jewish affairs. He was knowledgeable about Jewish customs and the Law, which made him a significant figure in the context of Paul's trials.

2. Bernice
The sister of King Agrippa II, Bernice was known for her close relationship with her brother, which was often the subject of rumors. She played a role in the political and social dynamics of the time.

3. Caesarea
A prominent city in Judea, Caesarea was the Roman administrative capital of the province. It was a hub of political activity and the location where Paul was held and tried.

4. Festus
Porcius Festus was the Roman governor who succeeded Felix. He was responsible for overseeing Paul's trial and was seeking counsel from Agrippa regarding Paul's case.

5. Paul's Imprisonment and Trial
This event is part of the larger account of Paul's legal trials, where he defends his faith and mission before various authorities, ultimately appealing to Caesar.

Teaching Points

Understanding Authority and Influence
Recognize the roles of political and religious leaders in the spread of the Gospel. Agrippa and Festus represent the intersection of political power and religious tradition.

Courage in Witnessing
Paul's boldness in sharing his testimony before powerful leaders is a model for believers to witness courageously, regardless of the audience.

God's Sovereignty in Trials
Trust that God uses circumstances, even legal trials and imprisonments, to advance His purposes and provide opportunities for the Gospel to be shared.

Cultural and Historical Context
Understanding the historical and cultural context of the events in Acts helps us appreciate the challenges and opportunities faced by early Christians.

The Role of Providence
Reflect on how God orchestrates events and relationships, such as the meeting of Agrippa and Festus, to fulfill His divine plan.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the presence of King Agrippa and Bernice in Caesarea influence the proceedings of Paul's trial, and what does this teach us about the role of influential figures in God's plan?

2. In what ways does Paul's situation in Acts 25:13 demonstrate the importance of being prepared to give a defense of our faith, as encouraged in 1 Peter 3:15?

3. How can understanding the cultural and political context of Acts 25:13 enhance our reading and application of this passage in today's world?

4. Reflect on a time when you faced a challenging situation. How can Paul's example of courage and trust in God's sovereignty encourage you in similar circumstances?

5. How does the account of Acts 25:13-26:32 illustrate the theme of God's providence, and how can this understanding impact your view of current events in your life?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 9
Paul's conversion and calling as an apostle to the Gentiles set the stage for his missionary journeys and subsequent trials, including the one before Festus and Agrippa.

Acts 26
The continuation of the account where Paul presents his defense before Agrippa, providing a detailed account of his conversion and mission.

1 Peter 3:15
Encourages believers to always be prepared to give a defense of their faith, which Paul exemplifies in his trials.