2 Samuel 5:9

So David took up residence in the fortress and called it the City of David. He built it up all the way around, from the supporting terraces inward.

Study Bible

So David took up residence
The Hebrew word for "took up residence" is "yashab," which means to dwell or inhabit. This signifies not just a temporary stay but a permanent establishment. David's decision to reside in the fortress marks a pivotal moment in his kingship, symbolizing stability and divine favor. It reflects God's promise to establish David's throne, as seen in 2 Samuel 7:16, where God assures David of an enduring dynasty.

in the fortress
The term "fortress" is translated from the Hebrew "metsudah," indicating a stronghold or fortified place. This fortress is identified as Zion, a place of significant strategic and spiritual importance. Historically, Zion was a Jebusite stronghold before David conquered it. Its elevation and natural defenses made it an ideal capital for uniting the tribes of Israel. Spiritually, Zion becomes synonymous with God's presence and the future hope of the Messiah's reign, as seen in prophetic literature like Isaiah 2:3.

and called it the City of David
Naming the fortress "the City of David" is a profound act of claiming and sanctifying the space. It signifies David's authority and God's covenantal relationship with him. This name endures throughout biblical history, symbolizing the Davidic line and God's promises to David. The City of David becomes a central location in biblical narratives, representing God's chosen place for His people and the future site of the temple.

He built up the area around it
The phrase "built up" comes from the Hebrew "banah," meaning to construct or establish. David's building efforts reflect his role as a king who not only conquers but also cultivates and develops. This construction is both literal and symbolic, as David lays the groundwork for a united Israel and a centralized place of worship. It foreshadows Solomon's later building of the temple, further establishing Jerusalem as the spiritual heart of Israel.

from the supporting terraces inward
The "supporting terraces" or "Millo" in Hebrew, refers to a specific architectural feature used to strengthen and expand the city's fortifications. Archaeological evidence suggests that the Millo was a series of terraces or earthworks that provided stability and defense. This construction highlights David's wisdom and foresight in securing the city, ensuring its safety and prosperity. Spiritually, it represents the foundational work necessary for God's kingdom, emphasizing the importance of preparation and fortification in the believer's life.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The anointed king of Israel, who establishes his rule by taking residence in Jerusalem, which becomes known as the City of David.

2. The Fortress
Refers to the stronghold of Zion, which David captures and makes his dwelling place, signifying the establishment of his kingdom.

3. City of David
The name given to Jerusalem after David conquers it, marking it as the political and spiritual center of Israel.

4. Supporting Terraces
These are the structures or fortifications that David builds up around the city, indicating his efforts to strengthen and secure his kingdom.

5. Jerusalem
The city that becomes the capital of Israel under David's rule, symbolizing God's chosen place for His people.

Teaching Points

Establishing God's Kingdom
David's establishment of Jerusalem as the City of David is a model for how believers are to establish God's kingdom in their lives, prioritizing His presence and purposes.

Spiritual Fortification
Just as David built up the supporting terraces, Christians are called to fortify their spiritual lives through prayer, scripture, and community, ensuring a strong foundation in Christ.

Significance of Place
The transformation of Jerusalem into the City of David highlights the importance of dedicating our homes and communities to God, making them centers of worship and service.

Leadership and Legacy
David's actions in making Jerusalem his capital demonstrate the impact of godly leadership and the legacy it leaves for future generations.

God's Sovereignty
The establishment of Jerusalem as the City of David underscores God's sovereign plan in history, reminding believers of His control and purpose in their lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's establishment of the City of David reflect his commitment to God's purposes, and how can we apply this commitment in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we "build up" our spiritual lives, similar to how David fortified Jerusalem?

3. How does the transformation of Jerusalem into the City of David inspire us to dedicate our own homes and communities to God?

4. What lessons can we learn from David's leadership in establishing a lasting legacy for God's people?

5. How does the concept of God's sovereignty, as seen in David's conquest of Jerusalem, provide comfort and assurance in our personal circumstances?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Chronicles 11:7-9
This passage parallels 2 Samuel 5:9, providing additional details about David's conquest of Jerusalem and his subsequent building efforts.

Psalm 48
This psalm celebrates Zion, the city of God, and reflects the significance of Jerusalem as a place of divine presence and protection.

Hebrews 12:22
This New Testament reference to the "heavenly Jerusalem" connects the earthly city of David with the spiritual reality of God's eternal kingdom.