2 Samuel 22:12
He made darkness a canopy around Him, a gathering of water and thick clouds.
He made darkness a canopy around Him
This phrase reflects the majesty and mystery of God, often depicted in the Bible as dwelling in thick darkness (1 Kings 8:12). The imagery of darkness as a canopy suggests God's transcendence and the idea that His ways and presence are beyond human comprehension (Isaiah 55:8-9). In ancient Near Eastern culture, darkness often symbolized the divine presence, as seen in the theophany at Mount Sinai (Exodus 20:21). This darkness is not evil but rather a representation of God's unapproachable holiness and glory. The canopy signifies protection and authority, much like a king's tent, indicating God's sovereign rule over creation.

a gathering of water and thick clouds
This part of the verse emphasizes God's control over nature, reminiscent of the creation narrative where the Spirit of God hovered over the waters (Genesis 1:2). Water and clouds are frequently associated with God's presence and power, as seen in the story of Elijah and the rain (1 Kings 18:41-45). The thick clouds symbolize God's ability to bring both judgment and blessing, as clouds can bring rain or storms. This imagery is also prophetic, pointing to the eschatological visions in Revelation where clouds accompany the return of Christ (Revelation 1:7). The gathering of water and clouds can be seen as a type of Christ, who calms the storm and walks on water, demonstrating His divine authority over the natural world (Mark 4:39, Matthew 14:25).

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The author of this song of praise, David is reflecting on God's deliverance and protection throughout his life, particularly from his enemies and from Saul.

2. God
The central figure in this passage, depicted as a divine warrior who uses elements of creation to demonstrate His power and majesty.

3. Darkness and Clouds
Symbolic elements used to describe God's presence and His mysterious, awe-inspiring nature.

4. Theophany
This event is a manifestation of God, often accompanied by natural phenomena like darkness, clouds, and storms, signifying His power and majesty.

5. Israel
The nation over which David ruled, often experiencing God's deliverance and protection as described in this song.
Teaching Points
God's Mysterious Presence
God's presence is often shrouded in mystery, symbolized by darkness and clouds. This reminds us that while God is near, His ways and thoughts are higher than ours.

Divine Protection
Just as God used natural elements to protect and deliver David, He continues to shield His people today. We can trust in His protection even when we cannot see His hand at work.

Reverence and Awe
The imagery of darkness and clouds calls us to approach God with reverence and awe, recognizing His holiness and power.

God's Sovereignty in Creation
The use of creation to describe God's actions reminds us of His sovereignty over all things. We can find comfort in knowing that the Creator of the universe is in control of our lives.

Faith in Unseen Realities
Even when God seems hidden or distant, we are called to live by faith, trusting in His presence and promises.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of darkness and clouds in 2 Samuel 22:12 enhance your understanding of God's nature and presence?

2. In what ways can you relate to David's experience of God's deliverance in your own life?

3. How do the descriptions of God's presence in Exodus 19 and 2 Samuel 22:12 compare, and what do they teach us about approaching God?

4. How can the concept of God's mysterious presence help you trust Him more in uncertain times?

5. Reflect on a time when you felt God's protection in your life. How does this passage encourage you to trust in His continued care?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 19
The description of God descending on Mount Sinai with smoke and clouds parallels the imagery in 2 Samuel 22:12, emphasizing God's majestic and awe-inspiring presence.

Psalm 18
This psalm is almost identical to 2 Samuel 22, highlighting the same themes of God's deliverance and the use of natural elements to describe His power.

Job 38-41
God's response to Job out of the whirlwind uses similar imagery of clouds and darkness, underscoring His sovereignty and the mystery of His ways.

Revelation 4
The imagery of God's throne surrounded by a rainbow and clouds connects to the theme of divine majesty and holiness.
Abundant Cause for ThanksgivingChristian Endeavour Times2 Samuel 22:1-51
David's Song of PraiseB. Dale 2 Samuel 22:1-51
Psalm SingingA. Whyte, D. D.2 Samuel 22:1-51
The Song of ThanksgivingW. G. Blaikie, D. D.2 Samuel 22:1-51
God Comes, to Our SuccourJ. Robertson.2 Samuel 22:10-14
Jesus AnnouncedSpurgeon, Charles Haddon2 Samuel 22:10-14
People
David, Saul
Places
Gath
Topics
Canopies, Canopy, Clouds, Dark, Darkness, Gathering, Gatherings, Mass, Pavilions, Rain, Round, Setteth, Skies, Sky, Tabernacles, Tent, Thick, Waters
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Samuel 22:12

     4272   sky
     4844   rain
     7344   curtain

2 Samuel 22:2-51

     8609   prayer, as praise and thanksgiving

2 Samuel 22:8-16

     1045   God, glory of

2 Samuel 22:10-12

     4810   darkness, natural

2 Samuel 22:10-15

     4855   weather, God's judgment

Library
David's Hymn of victory
'For Thou hast girded me with strength to battle: them that, rose up against me hast Thou subdued under me. 41. Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me. 42. They looked, but there was none to save; even unto the Lord, but He answered them not. 43. Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad. 44. Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, Thou hast
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Mosaic Cosmogony.
ON the revival of science in the 16th century, some of the earliest conclusions at which philosophers arrived were found to be at variance with popular and long-established belief. The Ptolemaic system of astronomy, which had then full possession of the minds of men, contemplated the whole visible universe from the earth as the immovable centre of things. Copernicus changed the point of view, and placing the beholder in the sun, at once reduced the earth to an inconspicuous globule, a merely subordinate
Frederick Temple—Essays and Reviews: The Education of the World

The First Commandment
Thou shalt have no other gods before me.' Exod 20: 3. Why is the commandment in the second person singular, Thou? Why does not God say, You shall have no other gods? Because the commandment concerns every one, and God would have each one take it as spoken to him by name. Though we are forward to take privileges to ourselves, yet we are apt to shift off duties from ourselves to others; therefore the commandment is in the second person, Thou and Thou, that every one may know that it is spoken to him,
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

In the Present Crusade against the Bible and the Faith of Christian Men...
IN the present crusade against the Bible and the Faith of Christian men, the task of destroying confidence in the first chapter of Genesis has been undertaken by Mr. C. W. Goodwin, M.A. He requires us to "regard it as the speculation of some Hebrew Descartes or Newton, promulgated in all good faith as the best and most probable account that could be then given of God's Universe." (p. 252.) Mr. Goodwin remarks with scorn, that "we are asked to believe that a vision of Creation was presented to him
John William Burgon—Inspiration and Interpretation

A Discourse of Mercifulness
Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Matthew 5:7 These verses, like the stairs of Solomon's temple, cause our ascent to the holy of holies. We are now mounting up a step higher. Blessed are the merciful . . '. There was never more need to preach of mercifulness than in these unmerciful times wherein we live. It is reported in the life of Chrysostom that he preached much on this subject of mercifulness, and for his much pressing Christians to mercy, he was called of many, the alms-preacher,
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

The Ark among the Flags
'And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi. 2. And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months. 3. And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river's brink. 4. And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him. 5. And the daughter of Pharaoh came
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Christ's Prophetic Office
'The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet,' &c. Deut 18:85. Having spoken of the person of Christ, we are next to speak of the offices of Christ. These are Prophetic, Priestly, and Regal. 'The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet.' Enunciatur hic locus de Christo. It is spoken of Christ.' There are several names given to Christ as a Prophet. He is called the Counsellor' in Isa 9:9. In uno Christo Angelus foederis completur [The Messenger of the Covenant appears in Christ alone].
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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