1 Samuel 6:6

Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs? When He afflicted them, did they not send the people on their way as they departed?

Study Bible

Why harden your hearts
This phrase calls to mind the spiritual condition of stubbornness and resistance to God's will. In biblical terms, a hardened heart is one that is unresponsive to God's commands and guidance. This concept is prevalent throughout Scripture, notably in the narrative of Pharaoh during the Exodus. A hardened heart is often associated with pride and rebellion against God, leading to spiritual blindness and eventual judgment.

as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs?
The reference to the Egyptians and Pharaoh serves as a historical reminder of the consequences of resisting God's will. In the Exodus account, Pharaoh's repeated refusal to release the Israelites despite the plagues demonstrates a progressive hardening of his heart. This hardening is both a result of Pharaoh's own choices and a divine judgment, illustrating the interplay between human free will and divine sovereignty. The Egyptians' experience serves as a cautionary tale for the Philistines, warning them of the dangers of opposing God.

When He afflicted them
This phrase refers to the plagues that God sent upon Egypt as a means of compelling Pharaoh to release the Israelites. These afflictions were both punitive and redemptive, designed to demonstrate God's power and to liberate His people. The plagues were a direct challenge to the Egyptian gods, showcasing the supremacy of the God of Israel. This affliction was not arbitrary but served a divine purpose in the unfolding of salvation history.

did they not send the people out
The eventual release of the Israelites by Pharaoh highlights the futility of resisting God's will. Despite his initial stubbornness, Pharaoh ultimately capitulates to God's demands. This act of sending the Israelites out is a pivotal moment in the Exodus narrative, marking the beginning of their journey to the Promised Land. It underscores the theme of deliverance and God's faithfulness to His covenant promises.

so they could go on their way?
The phrase "go on their way" signifies the freedom and new beginning granted to the Israelites. It is a fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham and a step towards the establishment of Israel as a nation. This journey is not just a physical relocation but a spiritual pilgrimage towards becoming God's chosen people. It also prefigures the Christian journey of salvation, where believers are set free from the bondage of sin to walk in the newness of life in Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Philistines
A group of people who captured the Ark of the Covenant and experienced God's judgment as a result.

2. Egyptians and Pharaoh
Historical figures who resisted God's will during the Exodus, leading to severe plagues.

3. Ark of the Covenant
The sacred chest representing God's presence, captured by the Philistines and causing them distress.

4. Israelites
God's chosen people, who were enslaved in Egypt and later freed by God's intervention.

5. Plagues
Divine judgments sent by God to compel Pharaoh to release the Israelites.

Teaching Points

The Danger of a Hardened Heart
Just as Pharaoh's heart was hardened, leading to his downfall, we must guard against hardening our hearts to God's voice.

Learning from History
The Philistines are reminded of the consequences faced by the Egyptians. We, too, should learn from biblical history to avoid repeating past mistakes.

God's Sovereignty and Judgment
God's power and authority are evident in His dealings with both the Egyptians and the Philistines. Recognizing His sovereignty should lead us to humility and obedience.

The Importance of Repentance
The Philistines' eventual decision to return the Ark reflects a form of repentance. We should be quick to repent and align ourselves with God's will.

The Role of Remembrance
Remembering God's past actions, as the Philistines were reminded of Egypt, can strengthen our faith and encourage us to trust in His plans.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the hardening of hearts in 1 Samuel 6:6 compare to other instances in the Bible, and what can we learn from these examples?

2. In what ways can we ensure our hearts remain open and responsive to God's guidance in our daily lives?

3. How does the account of the Philistines and the Ark of the Covenant illustrate the consequences of ignoring God's sovereignty?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to remember and learn from God's past actions in our own lives?

5. How can the concept of repentance, as seen in the Philistines' actions, be applied to our personal spiritual journey today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 7-12
The account of the plagues in Egypt, illustrating the hardening of Pharaoh's heart and God's power.

Hebrews 3:7-19
A New Testament reflection on the hardening of hearts, warning believers to remain faithful and obedient.

Proverbs 28:14
A proverb that contrasts the blessings of a responsive heart with the dangers of a hardened one.