1 Samuel 23:17

saying, "Do not be afraid, for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you. And you will be king over Israel, and I will be your second-in-command. Even my father Saul knows this is true."

Study Bible

saying, “Do not be afraid,
Jonathan, the son of King Saul, speaks these words to David, who is in hiding from Saul. The phrase "Do not be afraid" is a common biblical exhortation, often used by God or His messengers to reassure His people (e.g., Joshua 1:9, Isaiah 41:10). It reflects a divine assurance of protection and guidance, encouraging trust in God's plan despite present dangers.

for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you.
Jonathan reassures David of his safety from Saul, who is actively seeking David's life. This statement is significant because it reflects Jonathan's faith in God's protection over David. Despite Saul's intentions, Jonathan believes in God's sovereignty and His promise to David. This echoes the biblical theme that God's plans cannot be thwarted by human actions (Job 42:2).

And you will be king over Israel,
Jonathan acknowledges David's future as king, which aligns with God's anointing of David through the prophet Samuel (1 Samuel 16:1-13). This recognition by Jonathan, the heir apparent, underscores the divine legitimacy of David's future kingship. It also highlights Jonathan's humility and submission to God's will, as he willingly accepts David's God-ordained role.

and I will be your second-in-command.
Jonathan expresses his willingness to serve under David, demonstrating his loyalty and friendship. This reflects the biblical principle of servant leadership and the importance of supporting God's chosen leaders. Jonathan's attitude contrasts with Saul's jealousy and fear, showcasing a selfless commitment to God's plan.

Even my father Saul knows this is true.”
Jonathan asserts that Saul is aware of David's destined kingship, despite his attempts to prevent it. This acknowledgment indicates Saul's internal conflict and recognition of God's will, even as he resists it. It highlights the futility of opposing God's purposes and serves as a reminder of the prophetic nature of God's promises, which are evident throughout Scripture (e.g., Isaiah 46:10).

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by God, and currently fleeing from King Saul who seeks his life.

2. Jonathan
The son of King Saul, a loyal friend to David, and a man of faith who recognizes God's plan for David.

3. Saul
The first king of Israel, who is in pursuit of David due to jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

4. Israel
The nation over which David is prophesied to become king.

5. Wilderness of Ziph
The location where Jonathan meets David to encourage him.

Teaching Points

Faith in God's Promises
Jonathan's words to David reflect a deep trust in God's plan. We are encouraged to have faith in God's promises, even when circumstances seem dire.

Courage in Adversity
Jonathan tells David not to be afraid, reminding us that courage is rooted in faith and trust in God's sovereignty.

True Friendship
Jonathan exemplifies selfless friendship, prioritizing God's will and David's well-being over his own potential claim to the throne.

God's Sovereignty
Despite Saul's pursuit, Jonathan acknowledges God's ultimate control over who will be king, teaching us to trust in God's timing and plan.

Servant Leadership
Jonathan's willingness to be second-in-command under David shows humility and a servant's heart, a model for Christian leadership.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's encouragement to David in 1 Samuel 23:17 demonstrate his faith in God's promises? Reflect on a time when you needed similar encouragement.

2. In what ways does Jonathan's relationship with David challenge our understanding of friendship and loyalty? How can you apply this in your relationships today?

3. Consider the role of fear in this passage. How does Jonathan's assurance to David speak to the fears you face in your own life?

4. How does Jonathan's acceptance of David's future kingship reflect a trust in God's sovereignty? What areas of your life require a similar trust?

5. Reflect on the concept of servant leadership as demonstrated by Jonathan. How can you practice servant leadership in your community or workplace?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:1-4
This passage describes the covenant of friendship between Jonathan and David, highlighting their deep bond and Jonathan's recognition of David's future as king.

1 Samuel 20:31
Saul's acknowledgment of David as a threat to his throne, contrasting with Jonathan's acceptance of God's will.

2 Samuel 9:1-7
David's kindness to Jonathan's son, Mephibosheth, fulfilling his promise to Jonathan and demonstrating covenant loyalty.

Proverbs 17:17
A friend loves at all times, and a brother is born for adversity, reflecting Jonathan's unwavering support for David.