1 Samuel 22:15
Was that day the first time I inquired of God for him? Far be it from me! Let not the king accuse your servant or any of my father's household, for your servant knew nothing of this whole affair--not in part or in whole."
Was that day the first time I inquired of God for him?
Ahimelech, the priest, is speaking to King Saul, defending his actions regarding David. The inquiry of God refers to seeking divine guidance, often through the Urim and Thummim, sacred lots used by the high priest. This practice was common in Israel for making important decisions (Numbers 27:21). Ahimelech suggests that consulting God for David was not unusual, indicating David's established reputation as a faithful servant of Saul and a man of God.

Far be it from me!
This phrase is a strong denial of wrongdoing. Ahimelech emphasizes his innocence and integrity. The expression is used elsewhere in Scripture to reject false accusations or actions contrary to God's will (Genesis 18:25). It underscores the priest's commitment to righteousness and his shock at being implicated in a conspiracy against the king.

Let not the king accuse your servant or any of my father’s household,
Ahimelech pleads for the king not to hold him or his family responsible. The term "your servant" reflects humility and submission to Saul's authority. The mention of his father's household highlights the communal nature of guilt and punishment in ancient Israel, where families could suffer for an individual's actions (Joshua 7:24-25). Ahimelech seeks to protect his family from unjust retribution.

for your servant knew nothing of this whole affair—
Ahimelech asserts his ignorance of any conspiracy involving David. This statement is crucial, as it highlights the priest's lack of awareness of David's status as a fugitive. It reflects the broader theme of innocence and misunderstanding that pervades the narrative, as Saul's paranoia leads to tragic consequences.

not in part or in whole.
The repetition emphasizes Ahimelech's complete lack of knowledge regarding the situation. This phrase underscores the thoroughness of his denial, leaving no room for partial guilt. It reflects the biblical principle of truthfulness and integrity, as seen in other scriptural contexts where complete honesty is required (Ephesians 4:25).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ahimelech
The high priest who served at Nob. He is speaking in this verse, defending his actions to King Saul.

2. David
The future king of Israel, who was on the run from Saul and sought help from Ahimelech.

3. Saul
The current king of Israel, who is pursuing David out of jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

4. Nob
A city of priests where Ahimelech served and where David sought refuge.

5. Inquiry of God
The act of seeking divine guidance, which Ahimelech claims was not unusual for him to do on behalf of David.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Integrity
Ahimelech's defense highlights the importance of maintaining integrity and truthfulness, even when falsely accused.

Seeking God's Guidance
The practice of inquiring of God is a model for believers to seek divine wisdom in decision-making.

The Cost of Righteousness
Ahimelech's situation reminds us that doing the right thing can sometimes lead to personal risk or sacrifice.

Trust in God's Justice
Despite false accusations, believers can trust that God sees the truth and will ultimately bring justice.

Community and Support
David's reliance on Ahimelech shows the importance of community and support among believers during times of trial.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Ahimelech's response to Saul demonstrate the importance of maintaining integrity in the face of false accusations?

2. In what ways can we practice "inquiring of God" in our daily lives, and what tools has God provided us for this purpose?

3. Reflect on a time when doing the right thing came at a personal cost. How did you see God's hand at work in that situation?

4. How can we support and encourage one another in our faith communities, especially when facing trials or persecution?

5. What lessons can we learn from Ahimelech's account about trusting in God's justice, even when immediate circumstances seem unjust?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 21
Provides context for David's visit to Ahimelech at Nob, where he received bread and Goliath's sword.

Psalm 52
Written by David concerning Doeg the Edomite, who reported to Saul about Ahimelech assisting David.

1 Samuel 23:9-12
Illustrates another instance where David inquires of God, showing the importance of seeking divine guidance.

Exodus 28:30
Describes the Urim and Thummim, tools used by priests like Ahimelech to inquire of God.
A Friend and a FoeR. E. Faulkner.1 Samuel 22:5-23
The Tyranny of SaulB. Dale 1 Samuel 22:6-19
People
Abiathar, Ahimelech, Ahitub, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, David, Doeg, Gad, Goliath, Jesse, Saul
Places
Adullam, Gibeah, Hereth, Mizpeh, Moab, Nob
Topics
Accuse, Affair, Anything, Begin, Begun, Charge, Course, Directions, Family, Father's, Got, Household, Impute, Inquire, Inquired, Knoweth, Lay, Less, Nothing, Servant, Statement, To-day
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Samuel 22:13-15

     6115   blame

1 Samuel 22:13-16

     5817   conspiracies

Library
Covenanting Confers Obligation.
As it has been shown that all duty, and that alone, ought to be vowed to God in covenant, it is manifest that what is lawfully engaged to in swearing by the name of God is enjoined in the moral law, and, because of the authority of that law, ought to be performed as a duty. But it is now to be proved that what is promised to God by vow or oath, ought to be performed also because of the act of Covenanting. The performance of that exercise is commanded, and the same law which enjoins that the duties
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

The Exile Continued.
"So David fled, and escaped and came to Samuel to Ramah, and told him all that Saul had done unto him. And he and Samuel went and dwelt in Naioth" (1 Sam. xix. 18)--or, as the word probably means, in the collection of students' dwellings, inhabited by the sons of the prophets, where possibly there may have been some kind of right of sanctuary. Driven thence by Saul's following him, and having had one last sorrowful hour of Jonathan's companionship--the last but one on earth--he fled to Nob, whither
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

The Exile --Continued.
We have one psalm which the title connects with the beginning of David's stay at Adullam,--the thirty-fourth. The supposition that it dates from that period throws great force into many parts of it, and gives a unity to what is else apparently fragmentary and disconnected. Unlike those already considered, which were pure soliloquies, this is full of exhortation and counsel, as would naturally be the case if it were written when friends and followers began to gather to his standard. It reads like
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

Ramah. Ramathaim Zophim. Gibeah.
There was a certain Ramah, in the tribe of Benjamin, Joshua 18:25, and that within sight of Jerusalem, as it seems, Judges 19:13; where it is named with Gibeah:--and elsewhere, Hosea 5:8; which towns were not much distant. See 1 Samuel 22:6; "Saul sat in Gibeah, under a grove in Ramah." Here the Gemarists trifle: "Whence is it (say they) that Ramah is placed near Gibea? To hint to you, that the speech of Samuel of Ramah was the cause, why Saul remained two years and a half in Gibeah." They blindly
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

And V the Kingdom Undivided and the Kingdom Divided
THE HISTORICAL BOOKS: I and II Samuel. I and II Kings. I and II Chronicles. NOTE.--As these three pairs of books are so closely related in their historical contents, it is deemed best to study them together, though they overlap the two divisions of IV and V. I. CHARTS Chart A. General Contents +--+ " I AND II SAMUEL " +-------------+-----+------+ "Samuel "Saul "David " +-------------+-----+------+----------+ " " " " I AND II KINGS "NOTE.--Biblical
Frank Nelson Palmer—A Bird's-Eye View of the Bible

Subterraneous Places. Mines. Caves.
Thus having taken some notice of the superficies of the land, let us a little search into its bowels. You may divide the subterraneous country into three parts: the metal mines, the caves, and the places of burial. This land was eminently noted for metal mines, so that "its stones," in very many places, "were iron, and out of its hills was digged brass," Deuteronomy 8:9. From these gain accrued to the Jews: but to the Christians, not seldom slavery and misery; being frequently condemned hither by
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Of Antichrist, and his Ruin: and of the Slaying the Witnesses.
BY JOHN BUNYAN PREFATORY REMARKS BY THE EDITOR This important treatise was prepared for the press, and left by the author, at his decease, to the care of his surviving friend for publication. It first appeared in a collection of his works in folio, 1692; and although a subject of universal interest; most admirably elucidated; no edition has been published in a separate form. Antichrist has agitated the Christian world from the earliest ages; and his craft has been to mislead the thoughtless, by
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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