1 Peter 4:17

For it is time for judgment to begin with the family of God; and if it begins with us, what will the outcome be for those who disobey the gospel of God?

Study Bible

For it is time
The phrase "it is time" suggests an immediacy and urgency. In the Greek, the word used is "καιρός" (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune moment rather than chronological time. This indicates a divinely appointed period for action, emphasizing that the events unfolding are part of God's sovereign plan. Historically, this reflects the early Christian understanding that they were living in the last days, a time of fulfillment and divine intervention.

for judgment
The Greek word for "judgment" is "κρίμα" (krima), which implies a decision or verdict. In the biblical context, judgment is not merely punitive but also purifying and corrective. It is a process through which God refines His people, separating the faithful from the unfaithful. This aligns with the broader scriptural theme that God's judgment begins with His own people, as seen in the Old Testament with Israel.

to begin
The verb "to begin" (Greek: "ἄρχεσθαι" - archesthai) indicates initiation. Theologically, this suggests that God's purifying work starts with His own household. This is consistent with the biblical principle that those who have received much are accountable for much (Luke 12:48). The early church would have understood this as a call to holiness and readiness for Christ's return.

with the family of God
The "family of God" refers to believers, the church, who are considered God's household. The Greek term "οἶκος" (oikos) can mean house or household, emphasizing the intimate relationship between God and His people. This reflects the covenantal relationship established through Christ, where believers are adopted as sons and daughters of God (Ephesians 1:5).

and if it begins with us
The phrase "if it begins with us" underscores the certainty and seriousness of the judgment starting with believers. The use of "us" personalizes the message, reminding the early Christians of their identity and responsibility. It serves as a sobering reminder that being part of God's family involves accountability and discipline (Hebrews 12:6).

what will be the outcome
The word "outcome" (Greek: "τέλος" - telos) refers to the end or result. This rhetorical question highlights the gravity of the situation for those outside the faith. It implies that if God's own people are subject to judgment, the fate of those who reject the gospel will be even more severe. This serves as a call to evangelism and compassion for the lost.

for those who do not obey
The phrase "do not obey" (Greek: "ἀπειθοῦσιν" - apeithousin) conveys a willful disobedience or refusal to be persuaded. In the New Testament, obedience is often linked to faith, suggesting that disbelief is not merely intellectual but a moral and spiritual rebellion against God. This highlights the seriousness of rejecting the gospel message.

the gospel of God
The "gospel of God" refers to the good news of Jesus Christ, encompassing His life, death, and resurrection. The Greek word "εὐαγγέλιον" (euangelion) means good news, emphasizing the message of salvation and reconciliation with God. This phrase underscores the divine origin and authority of the gospel, which is central to the Christian faith and mission. The early church would have seen this as a call to remain steadfast in proclaiming and living out the gospel.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Peter
The apostle Peter, one of Jesus' closest disciples, is the author of this epistle. He writes to encourage and instruct believers facing persecution.

2. Household of God
This term refers to the community of believers, the Church, who are seen as God's family.

3. Judgment
In this context, judgment refers to the trials and purification that believers undergo, which serve to refine and strengthen their faith.

4. Those who disobey the gospel
This phrase refers to non-believers who reject the message of salvation through Jesus Christ.

5. Gospel of God
The good news of Jesus Christ's death and resurrection, which offers salvation to all who believe.

Teaching Points

Understanding Divine Judgment
Judgment is not solely punitive but also purifying for believers. It is a process that refines and strengthens our faith.

The Role of the Church
As the household of God, the Church is called to live in holiness and readiness, knowing that judgment begins with us.

Accountability and Witness
Believers are accountable to God and should live as witnesses to His truth, understanding the gravity of disobedience to the gospel.

Endurance in Trials
Trials and judgments are opportunities for growth. Believers should endure with faith, knowing that God is at work in their lives.

Urgency of the Gospel
The reality of judgment underscores the urgency of sharing the gospel with those who do not yet believe.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding that judgment begins with the household of God change your perspective on trials and challenges in your life?

2. In what ways can the Church today prepare for and respond to the refining judgment of God?

3. How can you personally live as a witness to the gospel, knowing the outcome for those who disobey it?

4. Reflect on a time when you experienced a trial that strengthened your faith. How did it change your relationship with God?

5. Considering the urgency of the gospel, what steps can you take to share the message of salvation with those around you?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Malachi 3:1-3
This passage speaks of God refining and purifying His people, similar to the judgment beginning with the household of God.

Ezekiel 9:6
This verse describes judgment starting at the sanctuary, paralleling the idea of judgment beginning with God's people.

Hebrews 12:5-11
Discusses God's discipline of His children, which is a form of judgment meant for growth and holiness.

Romans 2:9-10
Highlights the principle of judgment for both Jews and Gentiles, emphasizing accountability for all.