1 Kings 4:9
New International Version
Ben-Deker—in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh and Elon Bethhanan;

New Living Translation
Ben-deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elon-bethhanan.

English Standard Version
Ben-deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elonbeth-hanan;

Berean Standard Bible
Ben-deker in Makaz, in Shaalbim, in Beth-shemesh, and in Elon-beth-hanan;

King James Bible
The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Bethshemesh, and Elonbethhanan:

New King James Version
Ben-Deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan;

New American Standard Bible
Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elonbeth-hanan;

NASB 1995
Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elonbeth-hanan;

NASB 1977
Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elonbeth-hanan;

Legacy Standard Bible
Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elonbeth-hanan;

Amplified Bible
Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elon-beth-hanan;

Christian Standard Bible
Ben-deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Ben-deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;

American Standard Version
Ben-deker, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;

Contemporary English Version
The son of Deker was in charge of the towns of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-Shemesh, and Elon-Beth-Hanan.

English Revised Version
Ben-deker, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
[Bendeker], who was in charge of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan, and

Good News Translation
Bendeker: the cities of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, Elon, and Beth Hanan

International Standard Version
Ben-deker in Makaz, Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elonbeth-hanan;

Majority Standard Bible
Ben-deker in Makaz, in Shaalbim, in Beth-shemesh, and in Elon-beth-hanan;

NET Bible
Ben-Deker was in charge of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan.

New Heart English Bible
Ben Deker, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan;

Webster's Bible Translation
The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan:

World English Bible
Ben Deker, in Makaz, in Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan;
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Ben-Dekar in Makaz, and Shaalbim, and Beth-Shemesh, and Elon-Beth-Hanan;

Young's Literal Translation
Ben-Dekar in Makaz, and Shaalbim, and Beth-Shemesh, and Elon-Beth-Hanan.

Smith's Literal Translation
The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and the House of the Sun, and the oak of the House of Mercy.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Bendecar, in Macces, and in Salebim, and in Bethsames, and in Elon, and in Bethanan.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Bendeker, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and in Beth-shemesh, and in Elon, and in Beth-hanan;

New American Bible
the son of Deker in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elon Beth-hanan;

New Revised Standard Version
Ben-deker, in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Bar Deqar in Maqats and in Shaalbim and in Bayth Shemesh and in Iluun of Bayth Khenan.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
the son of Deker, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Beth-shemesh, and Elon-beth-hanan;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The son of Dacar, in Makes, and in Salabin, and Baethsamys, and Elon as far as Bethanan, one.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
Solomon's Twelve Officers
8and these were their names: Ben-hur in the hill country of Ephraim; 9 Ben-deker in Makaz, in Shaalbim, in Beth-shemesh, and in Elon-beth-hanan; 10Ben-hesed in Arubboth (Socoh and all the land of Hepher belonged to him);…

Cross References
1 Kings 4:7-8
Solomon had twelve governors over all Israel to provide food for the king and his household. Each one would arrange provisions for one month of the year, / and these were their names: Ben-hur in the hill country of Ephraim;

1 Kings 4:10-19
Ben-hesed in Arubboth (Socoh and all the land of Hepher belonged to him); / Ben-abinadab in Naphath-dor (Taphath, a daughter of Solomon, was his wife); / Baana son of Ahilud in Taanach, in Megiddo, and in all of Beth-shean next to Zarethan below Jezreel, from Beth-shean to Abel-meholah and on past Jokmeam; ...

1 Kings 10:1-13
Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the LORD, she came to test him with difficult questions. / She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke to him all that was on her mind. / And Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too difficult for the king to explain. ...

2 Chronicles 9:1-12
Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon, she came to test him with difficult questions. She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke with him about all that was on her mind. / And Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too difficult for him to explain. / When the queen of Sheba saw the wisdom of Solomon, the palace he had built, ...

1 Kings 3:1-15
Later, Solomon formed an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt by marrying his daughter. Solomon brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his palace and the house of the LORD, as well as the wall around Jerusalem. / The people, however, were still sacrificing on the high places because a house for the Name of the LORD had not yet been built. / And Solomon loved the LORD and walked in the statutes of his father David, except that he sacrificed and burned incense on the high places. ...

1 Kings 5:1-12
Now when Hiram king of Tyre heard that Solomon had been anointed king in his father’s place, he sent envoys to Solomon; for Hiram had always been a friend of David. / And Solomon relayed this message to Hiram: / “As you are well aware, due to the wars waged on all sides against my father David, he could not build a house for the Name of the LORD his God until the LORD had put his enemies under his feet. ...

1 Kings 9:10-14
Now at the end of the twenty years during which Solomon built these two houses, the house of the LORD and the royal palace, / King Solomon gave twenty towns in the land of Galilee to Hiram king of Tyre, who had supplied him with cedar and cypress logs and gold for his every desire. / So Hiram went out from Tyre to inspect the towns that Solomon had given him, but he was not pleased with them. ...

1 Kings 12:1-24
Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had gone there to make him king. / When Jeroboam son of Nebat heard about this, he was still in Egypt where he had fled from King Solomon and had been living ever since. / So they sent for Jeroboam, and he and the whole assembly of Israel came to Rehoboam and said, ...

2 Chronicles 1:7-12
That night God appeared to Solomon and said, “Ask, and I will give it to you!” / Solomon replied to God: “You have shown much loving devotion to my father David, and You have made me king in his place. / Now, O LORD God, let Your promise to my father David be fulfilled. For You have made me king over a people as numerous as the dust of the earth. ...

2 Chronicles 8:1-6
Now at the end of the twenty years during which Solomon had built the house of the LORD and his own palace, / Solomon rebuilt the cities Hiram had given him and settled Israelites there. / Then Solomon went to Hamath-zobah and captured it. ...

Matthew 12:42
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.

Luke 11:31
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.

Matthew 6:29
Yet I tell you that not even Solomon in all his glory was adorned like one of these.

Luke 12:27
Consider how the lilies grow: They do not labor or spin. Yet I tell you, not even Solomon in all his glory was adorned like one of these.

Acts 7:47
But it was Solomon who built the house for Him.


Treasury of Scripture

The son of Dekar, in Makaz, and in Shaalbim, and Bethshemesh, and Elonbethhanan:

The son of Dekar.

Joshua 19:42
And Shaalabbin, and Ajalon, and Jethlah,

Shaalabbin

1 Samuel 6:12,20
And the kine took the straight way to the way of Bethshemesh, and went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Bethshemesh…

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Ben Beth Bethshemesh Beth-Shemesh Elon Hanan Shaalbim Sha-Al'bim Shemesh
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Ben Beth Bethshemesh Beth-Shemesh Elon Hanan Shaalbim Sha-Al'bim Shemesh
1 Kings 4
1. Solomon's princes
7. His twelve officers for provision
20. The peace and largeness of his kingdom
22. His daily provision
26. His stable
29. His wisdom














Ben-deker
The name "Ben-deker" translates to "son of Deker." In the context of ancient Israel, names often carried significant meaning, reflecting lineage or character traits. The prefix "Ben-" indicates "son of," which was a common way to denote family ties and heritage. This highlights the importance of familial lineage in Israelite society, where one's identity and social standing were closely tied to one's family.

Makaz
This location, though not extensively detailed in the Bible, is part of the administrative districts established by King Solomon. The mention of Makaz signifies the organized and structured governance Solomon implemented. Archaeologically, while specific evidence of Makaz is limited, the reference underscores the historical reality of Solomon's reign, marked by prosperity and administrative efficiency.

Shaalbim
Shaalbim is another town within Solomon's district system. Historically, it is associated with the tribe of Dan. The name itself may derive from a root meaning "foxes" or "burrows," suggesting a landscape or characteristic feature of the area. This reflects the biblical tradition of naming places based on geographical or cultural attributes, providing insight into the life and environment of ancient Israel.

Beth-shemesh
Meaning "house of the sun," Beth-shemesh was a significant city in ancient Israel, often associated with the tribe of Judah. Its name indicates a possible connection to sun worship or a location that received abundant sunlight. Historically, Beth-shemesh was a Levitical city, emphasizing its religious importance. The city's mention here highlights the integration of religious and administrative functions in Solomon's kingdom.

Elon-beth-hanan
This location, like others in the verse, is part of the administrative districts. The name "Elon" can mean "oak" or "terebinth," suggesting a place characterized by such trees, while "beth-hanan" means "house of grace" or "house of favor." This combination of natural and spiritual imagery reflects the biblical theme of God's creation and favor intertwined with human habitation and governance.

(9) The second division included the territory in the maritime plain to the north-west of Judah; assigned to Dan, but in all the earlier history held, with perhaps a few exceptions, by the Philistines. The cities Shaalbim, Elon, and Beth-shemesh, or Ir-shemesh, are noted in Joshua 19:41-43. Makaz is not mentioned elsewhere. There is here the addition to the name Elon of beth-hanan ("the house of Hanan") In 1Chronicles 8:23 there is a Hanan among the chief men of Benjamin; and 1Chronicles 1:43 a Hanan among David's mighty men. The only one of these cities known in history is Beth-shemesh, the first resting-place of the Ark (1Samuel 6:12-21) when restored by the Philistines.

Verse 9. - The son of Dekar [Ben. Dekar], in Makaz [unknown otherwise], and in Shaalbim [Joshua 19:42; Judges 1:35] and Beth-shemesh [called Irshemesh, Joshua 19:41. Now Ain Shemes], and Elon-beth-hanan. [Elon, Joshua 19:43. Probably Beth-hanan is a different place, the "and" (ו) having accidentally dropped out of the text. The LXX. (ἕως Βηθανὰν) favours this view. It has been identified by Robinson with Beit Hunun. This second district embraces Daniel]

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Ben-deker
דֶּ֛קֶר (de·qer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1128: Ben-deker -- 'son of Deker', one of Solomon's leaders

in Makaz,
בְּמָקַ֥ץ (bə·mā·qaṣ)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4739: Makaz -- a place in Israel

Shaalbim,
וּבְשַֽׁעַלְבִ֖ים (ū·ḇə·ša·‘al·ḇîm)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 8169: Shaalbim -- perhaps '(haunt of) foxes', a city in Dan

Beth-shemesh,
שָׁ֑מֶשׁ (šā·meš)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1053: Beth-shemesh -- 'sun temple', three places in Palestine, also a place in Egypt

and Elon-beth-hanan;
חָנָֽן׃ (ḥā·nān)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 358: Elonbeth-hanan -- 'terebinth of (the) house of favor', a place in Dan


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OT History: 1 Kings 4:9 Ben Deker in Makaz and in Shaalbim (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg)
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