1 Chronicles 2:51
New International Version
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.

New Living Translation
Salma (the founder of Bethlehem), and Hareph (the founder of Beth-gader).

English Standard Version
Salma, the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

Berean Standard Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

King James Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader.

New King James Version
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.

New American Standard Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

NASB 1995
Salma the father of Bethlehem and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

NASB 1977
Salma the father of Bethlehem and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

Legacy Standard Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

Amplified Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

Christian Standard Bible
Salma fathered Bethlehem, and Hareph fathered Beth-gader.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Salma fathered Bethlehem, and Hareph fathered Beth-gader.

American Standard Version
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

English Revised Version
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Salma, who first settled Bethlehem, and Hareph, who first settled Beth Gadar.

Good News Translation
his second son Salma founded Bethlehem, and his third son Hareph founded Bethgader.

International Standard Version
Salma, who fathered Bethlehem, and Hareph, who fathered Beth-gader.

Majority Standard Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

NET Bible
Salma, the father of Bethlehem, Hareph, the father of Beth-Gader.

New Heart English Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Beth Gader.

Webster's Bible Translation
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

World English Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
Salma father of Beth-Lehem, Hareph father of Beth-Gader.

Young's Literal Translation
Salma father of Beth-Lehem, Hareph father of Beth-Gader.

Smith's Literal Translation
Salma father of the house of bread, Hareph the father of the house of the well.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hariph the father of Bethgader.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Salma, the father of Bethlehem; Hareph, the father of Bethgader.

New American Bible
Salma, the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph, the father of Bethgader.

New Revised Standard Version
Salma father of Bethlehem, and Hareph father of Beth-gader.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
Samla, who was born in Bethlehem; and Abi, who was born in Gader.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
Samla was born in Bayth Lekhem; Abi was born in Gadar.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
Salomon the father of Baetha, Lammon the father of Baethalaem, and Arim the father of Bethgedor.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Sons of Israel
50These were the descendants of Caleb. The sons of Hur the firstborn of Ephrathah: Shobal the father of Kiriath-jearim, 51Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader. 52These were the descendants of Shobal the father of Kiriath-jearim: Haroeh, half the Manahathites,…

Cross References
Ruth 4:20-22
Amminadab was the father of Nahshon, Nahshon was the father of Salmon, / Salmon was the father of Boaz, Boaz was the father of Obed, / Obed was the father of Jesse, and Jesse was the father of David.

Matthew 1:5-6
Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth, Obed the father of Jesse, / and Jesse the father of David the king. Next: David was the father of Solomon by Uriah’s wife,

Joshua 14:13-15
Then Joshua blessed Caleb son of Jephunneh and gave him Hebron as his inheritance. / Therefore Hebron belongs to Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite as an inheritance to this day, because he wholly followed the LORD, the God of Israel. / (Hebron used to be called Kiriath-arba, after Arba, the greatest man among the Anakim.) Then the land had rest from war.

Joshua 15:13-19
According to the LORD’s command to him, Joshua gave Caleb son of Jephunneh a portion among the sons of Judah—Kiriath-arba, that is, Hebron. (Arba was the forefather of Anak.) / And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak—the descendants of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak. / From there he marched against the inhabitants of Debir (formerly known as Kiriath-sepher). ...

Judges 1:12-15
And Caleb said, “To the man who strikes down Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give my daughter Acsah in marriage.” / So Othniel son of Caleb’s younger brother Kenaz captured the city, and Caleb gave his daughter Acsah to him in marriage. / One day Acsah came to Othniel and urged him to ask her father for a field. When she got off her donkey, Caleb asked her, “What do you desire?” ...

Judges 3:9-11
But when the Israelites cried out to the LORD, He raised up Othniel son of Caleb’s younger brother Kenaz as a deliverer to save them. / The Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he became Israel’s judge and went out to war. And the LORD delivered Cushan-rishathaim king of Aram into the hand of Othniel, who prevailed against him. / So the land had rest for forty years, until Othniel son of Kenaz died.

1 Samuel 16:1-13
Now the LORD said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem, for I have selected from his sons a king for Myself.” / “How can I go?” Samuel asked. “Saul will hear of it and kill me!” The LORD answered, “Take a heifer with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the LORD.’ / Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you are to do. You are to anoint for Me the one I indicate.” ...

1 Samuel 17:12-15
Now David was the son of a man named Jesse, an Ephrathite from Bethlehem of Judah who had eight sons. And in the days of Saul, Jesse was old and well along in years. / The three older sons of Jesse had followed Saul into battle: The firstborn was Eliab, the second was Abinadab, and the third was Shammah. / And David was the youngest. The three oldest had followed Saul, ...

2 Samuel 2:1-4
Some time later, David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up to one of the towns of Judah?” “Go up,” the LORD answered. Then David asked, “Where should I go?” “To Hebron,” replied the LORD. / So David went there with his two wives, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel. / David also took the men who were with him, each with his household, and they settled in the towns near Hebron. ...

2 Samuel 5:1-5
Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, “Here we are, your own flesh and blood. / Even in times past, while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And to you the LORD said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’” / So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, where King David made with them a covenant before the LORD. And they anointed him king over Israel. ...

1 Kings 2:10-12
Then David rested with his fathers and was buried in the City of David. / The length of David’s reign over Israel was forty years—seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem. / So Solomon sat on the throne of his father David, and his kingdom was firmly established.

1 Chronicles 4:13-15
The sons of Kenaz: Othniel and Seraiah. The sons of Othniel: Hathath and Meonothai. / Meonothai was the father of Ophrah, and Seraiah was the father of Joab, the father of those living in Ge-harashim, which was given this name because its people were craftsmen. / The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh: Iru, Elah, and Naam. The son of Elah: Kenaz.

1 Chronicles 6:54-55
Now these were the territories assigned to the descendants of Aaron from the Kohathite clan for their settlements, because the first lot fell to them: / They were given Hebron in the land of Judah and its surrounding pasturelands.

1 Chronicles 11:10-47
Now these were the chiefs of David’s mighty men, who, together with all Israel, bolstered and strengthened his kingdom, according to the word of the LORD concerning Israel. / This is the list of David’s mighty men: Jashobeam son of Hachmoni was chief of the officers; he wielded his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed at one time. / Next in command was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three mighty men. ...

1 Chronicles 12:23-40
Now these are the numbers of men armed for battle who came to David at Hebron to turn Saul’s kingdom over to him, in accordance with the word of the LORD: / From Judah: 6,800 armed troops bearing shields and spears. / From Simeon: 7,100 mighty men of valor, ready for battle. ...


Treasury of Scripture

Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader.

Salma.

1 Chronicles 4:4
And Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These are the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, the father of Bethlehem.

Beth-lehem.

Genesis 35:19
And Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Ephrath, which is Bethlehem.

Ruth 1:19
So they two went until they came to Bethlehem. And it came to pass, when they were come to Bethlehem, that all the city was moved about them, and they said, Is this Naomi?

Ruth 2:4
And, behold, Boaz came from Bethlehem, and said unto the reapers, The LORD be with you. And they answered him, The LORD bless thee.

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1 Chronicles 2
1. The sons of Israel.
3. The posterity of Judah by Tamar.
13. The children of Jesse.
18. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hezron.
21. Hezron's posterity by the daughter of Machir.
25. Jerahmeel's posterity.
34. Sheshan's posterity.
42. Another branch of Caleb's posterity.
50. The posterity of Caleb the son of Hur.














Salma the father of Bethlehem
The name "Salma" is derived from the Hebrew root "שָׂלַם" (shalom), meaning peace or completeness. Salma is identified as the progenitor of Bethlehem, a town of immense significance in biblical history. Bethlehem, meaning "house of bread" in Hebrew, is not only the birthplace of King David but also of Jesus Christ, as prophesied in Micah 5:2. This connection underscores the fulfillment of God's promises and the continuity of His divine plan through generations. The mention of Salma as the "father" of Bethlehem highlights the importance of lineage and heritage in the biblical narrative, emphasizing God's sovereign orchestration of history.

Hareph the father of Beth-gader
The name "Hareph" is less commonly discussed, but it is believed to be derived from the Hebrew root "חָרַף" (charaph), which can mean to pluck or gather. This could symbolize the gathering of people or the establishment of a community. Beth-gader, meaning "house of the wall" or "house of the enclosure," suggests a place of protection and security. The mention of Hareph as the "father" of Beth-gader indicates his foundational role in establishing this community. This reflects the biblical theme of God using individuals to build and protect His people, both physically and spiritually. The reference to Beth-gader, though not as prominent as Bethlehem, reminds us that every place and person has a role in God's overarching narrative.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Salma
שַׂלְמָא֙ (śal·mā)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8007: Salma -- father of Boaz, also the founder of Bethlehem

the father of
אֲבִ֣י (’ă·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1: Father

Bethlehem,
לָ֔חֶם (lā·ḥem)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1035: Bethlehem -- 'place of bread', a city in Judah, also a city in Zebulun

and Hareph
חָרֵ֖ף (ḥā·rêp̄)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 2780: Hareph -- a leader in Judah

the father of
אֲבִ֥י (’ă·ḇî)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1: Father

Beth-gader.
גָּדֵֽר׃ (gā·ḏêr)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 1013: Beth-gader -- 'place of a wall', a place in Judah


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OT History: 1 Chronicles 2:51 Salma the father of Bethlehem Hareph (1 Chron. 1Ch iCh i Ch 1 chr 1chr)
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