The practice of laying on of hands is a significant and multifaceted symbol found throughout the Bible, representing various spiritual truths and functions. This act is deeply rooted in both the Old and New Testaments, serving as a conduit for blessing, consecration, healing, and the impartation of spiritual gifts.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, the laying on of hands is primarily associated with the transfer of blessing and authority. One of the earliest instances is found in Genesis 48:14, where Jacob lays his hands on the heads of Ephraim and Manasseh, Joseph's sons, to bless them: "But Israel stretched out his right hand and put it on the head of Ephraim, though he was the younger, and crossing his arms, he put his left hand on Manasseh's head, although Manasseh was the firstborn."

The act also signifies the transfer of sin and guilt in the sacrificial system. In Leviticus 16:21, Aaron lays both hands on the head of the live goat, confessing over it all the iniquities of the Israelites, symbolically transferring their sins to the scapegoat: "He is to lay both hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the iniquities and rebellious acts of the Israelites—all their sins. He shall put them on the goat’s head and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man appointed for the task."

New Testament Context

In the New Testament, the laying on of hands takes on additional dimensions, particularly in the context of the early Church. It is frequently associated with healing, as seen in Mark 6:5, where Jesus lays hands on the sick: "So He could not perform any miracles there, except to lay His hands on a few of the sick and heal them."

The practice is also integral to the ordination and commissioning of individuals for ministry. In Acts 6:6, the apostles lay hands on the seven chosen to serve, signifying their appointment and empowerment for service: "They presented these men to the apostles, who prayed and laid their hands on them."

Furthermore, the laying on of hands is linked to the impartation of the Holy Spirit and spiritual gifts. In Acts 8:17, Peter and John lay hands on the Samaritans, who then receive the Holy Spirit: "Then Peter and John laid their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit."

Symbolic Significance

Theologically, the laying on of hands symbolizes the transmission of divine power and authority. It represents a tangible connection between the physical and spiritual realms, where God's presence and purposes are mediated through human touch. This act underscores the communal and relational aspects of faith, as it often involves the participation of the faith community in recognizing and affirming God's work in individuals' lives.

In Hebrews 6:1-2, the laying on of hands is listed among the elementary teachings about Christ, indicating its foundational role in Christian doctrine: "Therefore let us leave the elementary teachings about Christ and go on to maturity, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works, faith in God, instruction about baptisms, the laying on of hands, the resurrection of the dead, and eternal judgment."

Overall, the symbolism of laying on of hands in the Bible encompasses a rich tapestry of meanings, reflecting God's desire to bless, heal, empower, and commission His people for His purposes.