In the context of the Bible, the term "royal mares" refers to the horses that were part of the royal stables, particularly those owned by kings and used for various purposes, including warfare, ceremonial functions, and transportation. The significance of horses, including mares, in biblical times is underscored by their association with power, wealth, and military might.

Biblical References and Context

While the Bible does not explicitly mention "royal mares," it does provide insight into the importance of horses in the royal courts of Israel and surrounding nations. Horses were considered valuable assets, and their acquisition and maintenance were often a reflection of a king's wealth and military strength.

1. Solomon's Stables: King Solomon, renowned for his wisdom and wealth, is noted for his extensive collection of horses and chariots. According to 1 Kings 10:26 , "Solomon accumulated chariots and horses; he had fourteen hundred chariots and twelve thousand horses, which he stationed in the chariot cities and also with him in Jerusalem." This passage highlights the scale of Solomon's equine resources, which would have included mares as part of the breeding and maintenance of his stables.

2. Prohibition Against Multiplying Horses: The law given to the kings of Israel included a specific command regarding horses. Deuteronomy 17:16 states, "But the king must not acquire great numbers of horses for himself or make the people return to Egypt to acquire more horses, for the LORD has said, 'You are never to go back that way again.'" This command was intended to prevent reliance on military might and foreign alliances, emphasizing trust in God rather than in human power.

3. Symbol of Military Power: Horses, including mares, were integral to the military capabilities of ancient kingdoms. In the prophetic literature, horses often symbolize military strength and impending judgment. For example, in Jeremiah 4:13 , the prophet describes an invading army: "Behold, he advances like the clouds, his chariots like a whirlwind, his horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us, for we are ruined!"

Cultural and Historical Significance

In the ancient Near East, horses were prized for their speed, strength, and utility in battle. Royal stables would have included mares for breeding purposes, ensuring a steady supply of strong and swift horses for chariots and cavalry. The breeding of horses was a sophisticated practice, and mares played a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing the quality of the royal herds.

The presence of royal mares in the stables of kings like Solomon would have been a testament to the king's ability to project power and influence. The acquisition of horses, including mares, from regions such as Egypt and Cilicia, as mentioned in 1 Kings 10:28-29 , further underscores the international trade and diplomatic relations that were part of maintaining a formidable equine force.

Theological Implications

From a theological perspective, the emphasis on horses in the biblical narrative serves as a reminder of the tension between human reliance on military power and the call to trust in God's sovereignty. The biblical injunction against multiplying horses for the king highlights the potential for misplaced trust and the temptation to seek security in worldly resources rather than in divine provision and protection.

In summary, while the Bible does not specifically mention "royal mares," the broader context of horses in the biblical narrative provides insight into their role and significance in the royal courts of ancient Israel and the surrounding nations.