Shalmai is identified in the Bible as one of the Nethinim, a group of temple servants who were assigned to assist the Levites in the service of the house of God. The Nethinim were a distinct class of temple workers, and their name is derived from the Hebrew root "nathan," meaning "to give," indicating that they were given or dedicated to the service of the temple.

Biblical References:

Shalmai is mentioned in the post-exilic period, specifically in the lists of those who returned from the Babylonian exile with Zerubbabel. The Nethinim, including Shalmai, are noted for their role in the restoration of the temple and the re-establishment of worship in Jerusalem.

1. Ezra 2:46 : "The descendants of Shalmai, the descendants of Hanan, the descendants of Giddel."

2. Nehemiah 7:48 : "The descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Shalmai."

In these passages, Shalmai is listed among the families of the Nethinim who returned to Jerusalem. The lists in Ezra and Nehemiah are part of the genealogical records that emphasize the continuity of the Israelite community and their dedication to the covenant with God.

Role and Significance:

The Nethinim, including Shalmai, played a crucial role in the functioning of the Second Temple. Although they were not Levites, their service was essential for the daily operations and maintenance of the temple. Their duties likely included tasks such as preparing offerings, maintaining the temple grounds, and assisting the Levites in various capacities.

The inclusion of Shalmai and other Nethinim in the genealogical records underscores the importance of every member of the community in the collective effort to restore and maintain the worship of Yahweh. It also highlights the inclusive nature of the post-exilic community, where even those of non-Levitical descent were integrated into the religious life of Israel.

Historical Context:

The return from exile and the rebuilding of the temple were pivotal events in Jewish history. The Nethinim, as part of this restoration effort, were integral to re-establishing the religious practices that defined the Jewish identity. Their dedication and service were vital in ensuring that the temple functioned according to the prescriptions of the Law.

Theological Implications:

From a theological perspective, the mention of Shalmai among the Nethinim reflects the broader biblical theme of service and dedication to God. It illustrates the principle that all members of the community, regardless of their specific roles, contribute to the worship and glorification of God. The Nethinim's service is a testament to the idea that every task, no matter how humble, is significant in the eyes of God when performed with faithfulness and devotion.Ezra 2:46
The children of Hagab, the children of Shalmai, the children of Hanan,
Nave's Topical Index

Nehemiah 7:48
The children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of Shalmai,
Nave's Topical Index

8073. Shamlay -- Shalmai
... Word Origin scribal error for Salmay, qv. Shalmai For Salmay; Shamlai, one of the
Nethinim -- Shalmai (from the margin). see HEBREW Salmay. 8072, 8073. ...
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