Murrain is a term used in the Bible to describe a devastating disease that afflicted the livestock of Egypt as one of the ten plagues sent by God through Moses. This plague is specifically mentioned in the book of Exodus and is a significant event in the narrative of the Israelites' liberation from Egyptian bondage.

Biblical Account

The account of the murrain is found in Exodus 9:1-7. The Lord instructed Moses to go to Pharaoh and deliver a message: "This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: 'Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. But if you refuse to let them go and continue to hold them, then the hand of the LORD will bring a severe plague on your livestock in the field—on your horses, donkeys, camels, herds, and flocks.'" (Exodus 9:1-3).

The plague was a direct act of divine judgment against Pharaoh and the Egyptians for their refusal to release the Israelites. It was the fifth plague and specifically targeted the economic and agricultural strength of Egypt by affecting their livestock, which were essential for transportation, agriculture, and trade.

Nature and Impact

The term "murrain" refers to a highly infectious and often fatal disease affecting animals. While the exact nature of the disease is not specified in the biblical text, it is described as a "severe plague" that resulted in the death of a large number of Egyptian livestock. The impact of this plague was profound, as it not only caused economic hardship but also demonstrated the power of the God of Israel over the gods of Egypt, who were believed to protect the land and its resources.

Divine Distinction

A notable aspect of this plague was the distinction made between the livestock of the Egyptians and that of the Israelites. Exodus 9:4 states, "But the LORD will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that no animal belonging to the Israelites will die." This divine protection underscored the special covenant relationship between God and the Israelites and served as a sign of His favor and sovereignty.

Pharaoh's Response

Despite the severity of the plague, Pharaoh's heart remained hardened. After verifying that none of the Israelite livestock had died, Pharaoh still refused to let the people go (Exodus 9:7). This continued obstinance set the stage for subsequent plagues, each escalating in intensity and demonstrating the futility of resisting God's will.

Theological Significance

The plague of murrain serves as a powerful reminder of God's authority over creation and His ability to intervene in human affairs. It illustrates the consequences of disobedience and the importance of heeding divine warnings. For believers, this account reinforces the belief in God's justice and His commitment to fulfilling His promises to His people.

In summary, the murrain was a pivotal event in the Exodus narrative, highlighting both the judgment of God upon Egypt and His protection of the Israelites. It stands as a testament to the power and faithfulness of God in the history of His people.Exodus 9:3,6
Behold, the hand of the LORD is on your cattle which is in the field, on the horses, on the asses, on the camels, on the oxen, and on the sheep: there shall be a very grievous murrain.
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Psalm 78:50
He made a way to his anger; he spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence;
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