Judith: A Wife of Esau
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Judith is a lesser-known figure in the biblical narrative, mentioned briefly in the context of Esau's family. She is one of the wives of Esau, the elder son of Isaac and Rebekah, and the twin brother of Jacob. Her account is found in the Book of Genesis, which provides insight into the familial and cultural dynamics of the time.

Biblical Reference:

Judith is introduced in Genesis 26:34: "When Esau was forty years old, he took as wives Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite." . This passage highlights Esau's decision to marry women from the Hittite tribe, which was a source of distress for his parents, Isaac and Rebekah. The Hittites were one of the Canaanite tribes inhabiting the land of Canaan, and marriages with them were often discouraged due to their differing religious and cultural practices.

Cultural and Familial Context:

Esau's marriage to Judith, a Hittite, is significant in the biblical narrative as it underscores the tension between Esau and his parents. Genesis 26:35 states, "And they brought grief to Isaac and Rebekah." . This grief likely stemmed from the potential influence of Hittite customs and religious practices on Esau's household, which contrasted with the faith and traditions of Abraham's descendants.

The choice of Esau to marry outside of his family's lineage reflects his impulsive nature, which is also evident in other parts of his life, such as when he sold his birthright to Jacob for a meal (Genesis 25:29-34). This decision to marry Judith and another Hittite woman, Basemath, further illustrates Esau's disregard for the covenantal promises and the spiritual heritage of his family.

Theological Implications:

From a theological perspective, Judith's marriage to Esau serves as a narrative device to highlight the importance of maintaining the purity of the covenantal line through which God's promises to Abraham would be fulfilled. The patriarchal narratives often emphasize the significance of marrying within the covenant community to preserve the faith and ensure the continuation of God's promises.

Judith's presence in the biblical text, though brief, serves as a reminder of the challenges faced by the patriarchs in maintaining their distinct identity amidst surrounding cultures. Her marriage to Esau is a pivotal moment that sets the stage for the ongoing tension between Esau's descendants, the Edomites, and the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob.

Conclusion:

While Judith herself is not a central figure in the biblical narrative, her marriage to Esau is emblematic of the broader themes of faithfulness, covenant, and the challenges of living in a world with competing cultural and religious influences. Her account invites reflection on the importance of aligning one's life choices with the values and promises of God, as exemplified by the patriarchs and their descendants.
Nave's Topical Index
Genesis 26:34
And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite:
Nave's Topical Index

Strong's Hebrew
3067. Yehudith -- Esau's wife
... Definition: 1365. Word Origin from the same as Yehudith Definition Esau's
wife NASB Word Usage 1,365* (1), Judith (1). Judith. The ...
/hebrew/3067.htm - 6k
Library

Chapter xxxvi
... from a comparison of the names of Esau's wives as ... in Genesis 28:9 the Ishmaelite
wife was described ... the daughter of Ishmael." Apparently, then, Judith must be ...
/.../christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxxvi.htm

Whether Every Lie is a Sin?
... of his wife that she was his sister. Jacob also lied when he said that he was Esau,
and yet he received a blessing (Gn.27:27-29). Again, Judith is commended ...
//christianbookshelf.org/aquinas/summa theologica/whether every lie is a.htm

Whether the Judicial Precepts Regarding Foreigners were Framed in ...
... had planted a vineyard, or who had married a wife. ... educated, and the Idumeans, the
children of Esau, Jacob's brother ... of virtue: thus it is related (Judith 14:6 ...
/.../aquinas/summa theologica/whether the judicial precepts regarding.htm

Chapter xxvi
... was forty years old he married Judith, the daughter ... Esau's incapacity for spiritual
values is further illustrated by ... were married (Hebrew: "he took to wife"). ...
/...//christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxvi.htm

And Bring us not into Temptation but Deliver us from Evil
... Think you, says Judith, not only to the elders of ... Though Esau's plot against Jacob
seemed to have provided an ... to any lust, had his master's wife not fallen in ...
//christianbookshelf.org/origen/origen on prayer/chapter xix and bring us.htm

Epistle Lxiii. Limenius, Bishop of Vercell??, Having Died, the See ...
... Judith, in no way moved by the luxurious banquet of ... who is without blame the husband
of one wife comes within ... Esau by taking his ease lost the blessing of the ...
/.../ambrose/works and letters of st ambrose/epistle lxiii limenius bishop of.htm

The Letter of the Church of Rome
... of rivalry our forefather Jacob fled from the presence of his brother Esau. ... 2Of this
latter, to be sure, his wife became and ... 4The blessed Judith, when her ...
/.../richardson/early christian fathers/the letter of the church.htm

Resources
What are the Apocrypha / Deuterocanonical books? | GotQuestions.org

Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha ' Article Index | GotQuestions.org

What is the book of Sirach? | GotQuestions.org

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