Topical Encyclopedia Geshem, also known as Gashmu, is a figure mentioned in the Book of Nehemiah, primarily recognized for his opposition to Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. He is identified as an Arab, suggesting his leadership or significant influence among the Arab tribes during the Persian period. Geshem's opposition is emblematic of the broader resistance faced by the Jewish community from surrounding peoples as they sought to restore their city and religious practices after the Babylonian exile.Biblical References Geshem is introduced in Nehemiah 2:19, where he is mentioned alongside Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite. The text states: "But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this, they mocked and despised us, saying, 'What is this you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?'" (Nehemiah 2:19). This verse highlights the initial mockery and suspicion cast upon Nehemiah's mission, suggesting that Geshem and his allies perceived the rebuilding efforts as a potential threat to their own power or influence in the region. In Nehemiah 6:1-2, Geshem's opposition becomes more pronounced: "When Sanballat, Tobiah, Geshem the Arab, and the rest of our enemies heard that I had rebuilt the wall and that no gap was left in it (though to that time I had not yet installed the doors in the gates), Sanballat and Geshem sent me this message: 'Come, let us meet together in one of the villages on the plain of Ono.' But they were planning to harm me." (Nehemiah 6:1-2). Here, Geshem is part of a plot to lure Nehemiah away from his work under the guise of diplomacy, with the intent to harm him. Historical and Cultural Context Geshem's identity as an Arab is significant, as it places him within the context of the various ethnic groups surrounding Judah during the Persian Empire's rule. The Arabs, along with the Ammonites and Horonites, were part of the broader coalition of peoples who had vested interests in the region and were likely concerned about the re-establishment of a strong Jewish presence in Jerusalem. The opposition led by Geshem and his allies can be understood as a political maneuver to maintain control and influence over the area. The rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls symbolized not only physical security for the Jewish people but also a reassertion of their identity and religious autonomy, which could disrupt the existing power dynamics. Theological Implications From a theological perspective, Geshem's opposition is seen as part of the larger narrative of resistance against God's plans and the perseverance of His people. Nehemiah's unwavering commitment to the task, despite the threats and schemes of Geshem and others, is often interpreted as a testament to faith and divine providence. The rebuilding of the walls, in the face of such opposition, underscores the theme of restoration and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people. Geshem's role in the narrative serves as a reminder of the challenges that often accompany the pursuit of God's purposes. His actions, while adversarial, ultimately highlight the resilience and determination required to overcome obstacles in the fulfillment of divine missions. Nave's Topical Index Nehemiah 2:19But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said, What is this thing that you do? will you rebel against the king? Nave's Topical Index Nehemiah 6:1-6 Library The Last Days of the Old Eastern World Resources Questions about Nehemiah | GotQuestions.orgWho was Sheshbazzar in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org Who were Sanballat, Tobiah, and Geshem? | GotQuestions.org Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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