Epher is a biblical figure mentioned in the genealogies of the tribe of Manasseh, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. His name appears in the context of the descendants of Manasseh, the firstborn son of Joseph, who was one of the patriarchs of the Israelites. The tribe of Manasseh was known for its significant role in the history of Israel, both during the conquest of Canaan and in the subsequent settlement of the Promised Land.

Biblical References:

Epher is specifically mentioned in 1 Chronicles 5:24, which provides a list of leaders and warriors from the half-tribe of Manasseh that settled in the land of Bashan. The verse states:

"These were the heads of their families: Epher, Ishi, Eliel, Azriel, Jeremiah, Hodaviah, and Jahdiel. They were mighty men of valor, famous men, and heads of their families."

This passage highlights Epher as one of the "mighty men of valor" and a "head of their families," indicating his status as a leader and a person of influence within the tribe. The mention of Epher alongside other notable figures suggests that he played a significant role in the military and administrative affairs of the tribe.

Historical and Cultural Context:

The tribe of Manasseh was unique in that it was divided into two half-tribes, with one half settling on the east side of the Jordan River and the other on the west. Epher belonged to the eastern half-tribe, which occupied the region of Bashan, a fertile area known for its rich pastures and strategic importance. This region was part of the territory allotted to the half-tribe of Manasseh during the division of the land under Joshua's leadership.

The eastern half-tribe of Manasseh, including Epher, was known for its military prowess and played a crucial role in defending Israel's borders against neighboring nations. The reference to Epher as a "mighty man of valor" underscores the martial capabilities and leadership qualities that were highly valued in the tribal society of ancient Israel.

Genealogical Significance:

Epher's inclusion in the genealogical records of 1 Chronicles serves to establish the lineage and heritage of the tribe of Manasseh. Genealogies in the Bible often emphasize the continuity of God's promises to His people through successive generations. By listing Epher among the heads of families, the chronicler affirms the enduring legacy of the tribe of Manasseh and its leaders.

Theological Implications:

From a theological perspective, the mention of Epher and other leaders in the genealogies reflects the biblical theme of God's faithfulness to His covenant people. The tribe of Manasseh, as descendants of Joseph, held a special place in the history of Israel, and their leaders, including Epher, were seen as instruments through whom God worked to fulfill His purposes for the nation.

Epher's role as a chief of Manasseh highlights the importance of leadership and valor in the service of God's people. His example serves as a reminder of the responsibilities and challenges faced by those called to lead and protect the community of faith.1 Chronicles 5:24
And these were the heads of the house of their fathers, even Epher, and Ishi, and Eliel, and Azriel, and Jeremiah, and Hodaviah, and Jahdiel, mighty men of valor, famous men, and heads of the house of their fathers.
Nave's Topical Index

Chapter xxv
... out that these three names Epha, Epher and Hanoch ... that lay nearest to Midian"Judah,
Manasseh, Reuben. ... style and precise phraseology are the chief reason for ...
//christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxv.htm

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