The holm-oak, also known as the evergreen oak or Quercus ilex, is a tree mentioned in the context of biblical flora. This tree is native to the Mediterranean region and is characterized by its evergreen leaves, which resemble those of a holly, and its ability to thrive in dry, rocky soils. The holm-oak is noted for its hard wood and longevity, often symbolizing strength and endurance.

Biblical References:

While the holm-oak is not explicitly named in most English translations of the Bible, it is often associated with the "oaks" mentioned in various passages. The Hebrew word "אֵלָה" (elah), often translated as "oak," may refer to several types of large trees, including the holm-oak. These trees were significant in ancient Israelite culture and frequently mentioned in the context of significant events and locations.

One notable reference is found in Isaiah 44:14 , which states, "He cuts down cedars or retrieves a cypress or oak. He lets it grow strong among the trees of the forest. He plants a laurel, and the rain makes it grow." This passage highlights the oak's strength and its role in the natural order, symbolizing God's provision and the natural cycle of growth.

Cultural and Religious Significance:

In biblical times, oaks, including the holm-oak, were often associated with sacred sites and places of worship. They were seen as symbols of endurance and stability, qualities that were revered in the ancient Near Eastern cultures. The shade provided by these trees made them natural gathering places for people, and they were sometimes used as landmarks or boundary markers.

The oak's association with strength and endurance is also reflected in its use in various biblical metaphors. For instance, in Isaiah 61:3 , the prophet speaks of God's people being called "oaks of righteousness, the planting of the LORD, that He may be glorified." This metaphor emphasizes the steadfastness and righteousness expected of God's followers, akin to the enduring nature of the oak tree.

Symbolism in Christian Thought:

In Christian symbolism, the holm-oak, like other oaks, represents faith, endurance, and the strength found in a life rooted in Christ. The tree's evergreen nature is often seen as a symbol of eternal life, reflecting the Christian hope of resurrection and everlasting life through Jesus Christ.

The holm-oak's ability to thrive in challenging environments can also be seen as a metaphor for the believer's life. Just as the tree withstands harsh conditions, Christians are called to remain steadfast in their faith amidst trials and tribulations, drawing strength from their relationship with God.

Conclusion:

The holm-oak, while not explicitly named in the Bible, holds a place of significance through its association with the oaks mentioned in Scripture. Its enduring nature and symbolic strength continue to inspire and provide rich metaphors for faith and righteousness in the Christian tradition.

Daniel.
... cut thee in two" (schisei). [5408] The mastich tree. [5409] To saw. [5410]
The holm-oak. [5411] In the LXX. the story of Bel and ...
//christianbookshelf.org/jerome/the principal works of st jerome/daniel.htm

Holm-oak (1 Occurrence)
Holm-oak. Hollows, Holm-oak. Holmtree . Multi-Version Concordance
Holm-oak (1 Occurrence). Isaiah 40:20 He that is too ...
/h/holm-oak.htm - 6k

Holmtree
... Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 AD) has ilex, which is Latin for holmoak,
so named from its holly-like leaves (hollen in Old English = "holly"); this ...
/h/holmtree.htm - 7k

Holm-tree
... Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 AD) has ilex, which is Latin for holmoak,
so named from its holly-like leaves (hollen in Old English = "holly"); this ...
/h/holm-tree.htm - 7k

Oak (22 Occurrences)
... and 35:4. (6.) `Allon, always rendered "oak." Probably the evergreen oak
(called also ilex and holmoak) is intended. The oak woods ...
/o/oak.htm - 33k

Hollows (5 Occurrences)

/h/hollows.htm - 7k

Pine (28 Occurrences)
... Isaiah 44:14 When he heweth him down cedars, he taketh also a holm-oak and a terebinth
he chooseth for himself among the trees of the forest: he planteth a pine ...
/p/pine.htm - 17k

Hebron (71 Occurrences)
... have erected a hospice. It is a fine specimen of the Holmoak (Quercus
coccifera), but is gradually dying. The present site appears ...
/h/hebron.htm - 41k

Botany
... attains noble proportions at some of the Moslem shrines, the Valonica oak, plentiful
on the hills East of Nazareth, and the ilex or holmoak, commonest near ...
/b/botany.htm - 38k

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