Barley-cake
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Definition and Description:
Barley-cakes are a type of bread made from barley flour, a staple grain in ancient Israel and surrounding regions. Barley was one of the first grains cultivated in the Near East and was often considered the food of the poor due to its abundance and lower cost compared to wheat. Barley-cakes were typically unleavened, making them quick to prepare and suitable for travel or times of haste.

Biblical References:
Barley-cakes are mentioned in several passages throughout the Bible, highlighting their significance in daily life and symbolic meaning in certain contexts.

1. Judges 7:13 : In the account of Gideon, a barley-cake plays a symbolic role in a dream. "Gideon came and overheard a man telling his friend about a dream. He said, 'Behold, I had a dream: A round loaf of barley bread came tumbling into the camp of Midian. It struck the tent with such force that the tent overturned and collapsed.'" This dream, interpreted by Gideon, signified the impending defeat of the Midianites by the hand of God through Gideon's leadership. The barley-cake, in this context, symbolizes the humble yet powerful instrument of God's deliverance.

2. 2 Kings 4:42 : Barley-cakes are also mentioned in the context of Elisha's miracles. "Now a man from Baal-shalishah came to the man of God with a sack of twenty loaves of barley bread from the firstfruits, along with some heads of new grain. 'Give it to the people to eat,' said Elisha." Here, the barley-cakes are part of a miraculous provision, as Elisha feeds a hundred men with these loaves, demonstrating God's provision and abundance.

3. Ezekiel 4:9 : The prophet Ezekiel is instructed to make bread from a mixture of grains, including barley, as a sign to the people of Israel. "Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt; put them in a single vessel and make them into bread for yourself." This bread, including barley, was to be eaten during a symbolic act representing the siege of Jerusalem, highlighting the scarcity and hardship to come.

Cultural and Historical Context:
In ancient Israel, barley was a significant crop, often harvested in the spring. It was used not only for making bread but also for feeding livestock and brewing beer. The prominence of barley in the diet of the Israelites is evident in its frequent mention in the Bible, often in contrast to wheat, which was more desirable but less accessible to the common people.

Barley-cakes were typically made by grinding the barley into flour, mixing it with water, and baking it on a hot stone or in an oven. The simplicity of the ingredients and preparation made barley-cakes a practical and essential food item for the Israelites.

Symbolism and Theological Significance:
Barley-cakes, as seen in the biblical narrative, often symbolize humility and God's provision. They serve as a reminder of God's ability to use the simple and humble things of the world to accomplish His purposes. In the account of Gideon, the barley-cake represents the unexpected and seemingly insignificant means by which God delivers His people. In Elisha's miracle, the barley-cakes illustrate God's power to multiply and provide abundantly for His people.

Overall, barley-cakes in the Bible underscore themes of reliance on God, the sufficiency of His provision, and the value of humility in His service.
Library

I Therefore Bent My Steps Toward the Hut which I had Beheld from a ...
... He then serves up a breakfast truly luxurious, [91] consisting of the half of a
barley cake. Now, we were four, while he himself constituted the fifth. ...
/.../severus/life and writings of sulpitius severus /chapter iv i therefore bent.htm

How the Midianites and Other Nations Fought against the Israelites ...
... The dream was this:"He thought he saw a barley-cake, such a one as could hardly
be eaten by men, it was so vile, rolling through the camp, and overthrowing ...
/.../josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 6 how the midianites.htm

China Evangelized.
... To slaves and rebels bring release. From bondage and from wrath. A barley-cake
o'erthrew the camp. Of Midian, tent by tent,. Ere morn the trumpet and the lamp. ...
/.../montgomery/sacred poems and hymns/hymn cclxv china evangelized.htm

The Demoniac
... eyes. Macedonius gently spoke to him by his name, and pressed him to eat
some of the barley-cake which he had carried with him. ...
/.../chapter vi the demoniac.htm

The Hermit and the Boy
... meagre. I will go and ask him for something for thee. Canst thou kindle a
fire? Canst thou bake a barley-cake in the embers? Yes? Then ...
/.../chapter v the hermit and.htm

The Lad's Loaves in the Lord's Hands
... Let us make him a King." This sermon I offer my Master, if he will be pleased to
accept it, though it is but a barley cake, and I pray that by it some may take ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 37 1891/the lads loaves in the.htm

The Church as She Should Be
... They have dreamed their dreams, as the Midianite did, and valiant men like Gideon
can hear them telling it; the barley cake shall fall upon the royal tent of ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 17 1871/the church as she should.htm

On the Great Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria.
... blood was not perfectly free, but mongrel, as we know that of mules to be; at first,
dependent on the table of others, whose price was a barley cake, who had ...
/.../cyril/lectures of s cyril of jerusalem/oration xxi on the great.htm

How to Become Fishers of Men
... Do not say, "Who shall save this city?" The weakest shall be strong enough. Gideon's
barley cake shall smite the tent, and make it lay along. ...
/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 32 1886/how to become fishers of.htm

Thesaurus
Barley-cake (1 Occurrence)
Barley-cake. Barley-bread, Barley-cake. Barley-harvest .
Multi-Version Concordance Barley-cake (1 Occurrence). Ezekiel ...
/b/barley-cake.htm - 6k

Barley-bread (1 Occurrence)
Barley-bread. Barley, Barley-bread. Barley-cake . Multi-Version Concordance ...
(WBS YLT). Barley, Barley-bread. Barley-cake . Reference Bible.
/b/barley-bread.htm - 6k

Barley-harvest (3 Occurrences)
Barley-harvest. Barley-cake, Barley-harvest. Barley-loaves . Multi-Version
Concordance ... (YLT). Barley-cake, Barley-harvest. Barley-loaves . Reference Bible
/b/barley-harvest.htm - 7k

Baking (4 Occurrences)
... Ezekiel 4:12 A barley-cake thou dost eat it, and it with dung -- the filth
of man -- thou dost bake before their eyes. (See RSV). ...
/b/baking.htm - 8k

Baked (26 Occurrences)
... Ezekiel 4:12 A barley-cake thou dost eat it, and it with dung -- the filth
of man -- thou dost bake before their eyes. (See NAS). ...
/b/baked.htm - 14k

Filth (21 Occurrences)
... (YLT). Ezekiel 4:12 A barley-cake thou dost eat it, and it with dung -- the
filth of man -- thou dost bake before their eyes. (YLT). ...
/f/filth.htm - 17k

Resources
Flowers, and pictures, and cakes ' oh my! | GotQuestions.org

Who was Ruth in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

What are some examples of unfailing love in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

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