◄ Proverbs 15:13 ►
A joyful heart makes a cheerful countenance, but sorrow of the heart crushes the spirit.
Study Bible
A joyful heart makes a cheerful countenance
A joyful heart refers to an inner state of contentment and happiness that is deeply rooted in one's relationship with God. In biblical times, the heart was considered the center of emotions, thoughts, and intentions. A joyful heart is often associated with the presence of the Holy Spirit, as seen in Galatians 5:22, where joy is listed as a fruit of the Spirit. The cheerful countenance is the outward expression of this inner joy, reflecting the biblical principle that what is in the heart will manifest outwardly (Matthew 12:34). This phrase emphasizes the transformative power of joy, which can be seen in the lives of biblical figures like David, who despite his trials, often expressed joy and praise to God (Psalm 16:11).

but sorrow of the heart crushes the spirit
Sorrow of the heart refers to deep emotional pain or grief, which can be caused by various life circumstances such as loss, sin, or separation from God. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, expressions of sorrow were often public and communal, involving mourning rituals. The phrase "crushes the spirit" indicates the debilitating effect that prolonged sorrow can have on a person's inner being, leading to despair and hopelessness. This is echoed in Proverbs 17:22, which contrasts a broken spirit with a cheerful heart. The Bible offers comfort for those in sorrow, promising that God is near to the brokenhearted (Psalm 34:18) and that Jesus, the Man of Sorrows, understands and bears our griefs (Isaiah 53:3-4).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Solomon
Traditionally regarded as the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. His insights into human behavior and relationships are reflected in this verse.

2. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical context of Proverbs is rooted in ancient Israel, where wisdom literature was a key component of spiritual and moral instruction.

3. The Heart
In Hebrew thought, the heart ("lev") is the center of one's inner life, encompassing emotions, thoughts, and will.

4. The Spirit
The spirit ("ruach") in Hebrew can refer to one's inner being or emotional state, often linked to vitality and strength.

5. The Countenance
The countenance refers to one's facial expression, which in biblical terms often reflects the state of the heart.
Teaching Points
The Power of Inner Joy
A joyful heart is transformative, affecting not only our own well-being but also how we are perceived by others. Cultivating joy through gratitude and faith can lead to a more positive outlook on life.

The Impact of Sorrow
Sorrow can be overwhelming and debilitating, crushing the spirit. It is important to seek support and comfort in God and community during times of distress.

Reflecting Inner States
Our facial expressions often mirror our inner emotional states. Being mindful of our heart's condition can help us address underlying issues and promote a healthier, more joyful demeanor.

Guarding the Heart
Proverbs emphasizes the importance of guarding the heart, as it is the wellspring of life. Regularly examining and nurturing our heart's condition is crucial for spiritual and emotional health.

Community and Encouragement
Engaging with a supportive community can help uplift our spirits and provide encouragement, reminding us of the joy found in fellowship and shared faith.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the condition of your heart affect your daily interactions and relationships?

2. In what ways can you cultivate a joyful heart, even in challenging circumstances?

3. How can you support others who may be experiencing sorrow of the heart?

4. What practical steps can you take to guard your heart and maintain a cheerful countenance?

5. How do other scriptures, such as Philippians 4:4-7, reinforce the message of Proverbs 15:13 regarding joy and peace?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Proverbs 17:22
This verse also speaks about the impact of a joyful heart on one's health and well-being, reinforcing the idea that inner joy can lead to outward expressions of happiness.

Philippians 4:4-7
Paul encourages believers to rejoice in the Lord always, highlighting the importance of maintaining a joyful heart through prayer and thanksgiving, which guards the heart and mind.

Psalm 34:5
This verse describes how those who look to God are radiant, and their faces are never covered with shame, connecting the joy of the heart with a cheerful countenance.
Sermons
Mirth a MedicineW. Arnot, D.D.Proverbs 15:13
Sullen Folly and Cheerful WisdomE. Johnson Proverbs 15:12-15
The Source of SatisfactionW. Clarkson Proverbs 15:13, 15-17
People
Abaddon, Solomon
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Aching, Breaks, Broken, Cheerful, Countenance, Crushes, Face, Glad, Grief, Heart, Heartache, Joyful, Makes, Maketh, Merry, Sad, Shining, Smitten, Sorrow, Spirit
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Proverbs 15:13

     5014   heart, human
     5173   outward appearance
     5874   happiness
     8713   discouragement

Library
God, the All-Seeing One
A sermon (No. 177) delivered on Sabbath morning, February 14, 1858 At The Music Hall, Royal Surrey Gardens by C. H. Spurgeon. "Hell and destruction are before the Lord: how much more then the hearts of the children of men?" -- Proverbs 15:11. You have often smiled at the ignorance of heathens who bow themselves before gods of wood and stone. You have quoted the words of Scripture and you have said, "Eyes have they, but they see not; ears have they, but they hear not." You have therefore argued that …
C.H. Spurgeon—Sermons on Proverbs

The Hedge of Thorns and the Plain Way
A sermon (No. 1948) delivered at the Metropolitan Tabernacle, Newington, by C. H. Spurgeon. "The way of the slothful man is as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain."--Proverbs 15:19. You must have noticed how frequently godly people almost wear out their Bibles in certain places. The Psalms, the Gospel of John, and parts of the Epistles are favourite portions, and are thumbed in many an old believer's Bible till the fact is very noticeable. There are certain sheep-tracks …
C.H. Spurgeon—Sermons on Proverbs

God, the All-Seeing One
We have in our text, first of all, a great fact declared,--"Hell and destruction are before the Lord ;" we have, secondly, a great fact inferred,--"How much more then the hearts of the children of men?" I. We will begin with THE GREAT FACT WHICH IS DECLARED--a fact which furnishes us with premises from which we deduce the practical conclusion of the second sentence--"How much more then the hearts of the children of men?" The best interpretation that you can give of those two words, "hell" and "destruction," …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

How the Humble and the Haughty are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 18.) Differently to be admonished are the humble and the haughty. To the former it is to be insinuated how true is that excellence which they hold in hoping for it; to the latter it is to be intimated how that temporal glory is as nothing which even when embracing it they hold not. Let the humble hear how eternal are the things that they long for, how transitory the things which they despise; let the haughty hear how transitory are the things they court, how eternal the things they …
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

And He had Also this Favour Granted Him. ...
66. And he had also this favour granted him. For as he was sitting alone on the mountain, if ever he was in perplexity in his meditations, this was revealed to him by Providence in prayer. And the happy man, as it is written, was taught of God [1112] . After this, when he once had a discussion with certain men who had come to him concerning the state of the soul and of what nature its place will be after this life, the following night one from above called him, saying, Antony, rise, go out and look.' …
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

Epistle cxxii. To Rechared, King of the visigoths .
To Rechared, King of the Visigoths [82] . Gregory to Rechared, &c. I cannot express in words, most excellent son, how much I am delighted with thy work and thy life. For on hearing of the power of a new miracle in our days, to wit that the whole nation of the Goths has through thy Excellency been brought over from the error of Arian heresy to the firmness of a right faith, one is disposed to exclaim with the prophet, This is the change wrought by the right hand of the Most High (Ps. lxxvi. 11 [83] …
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Contention Over the Man Born Blind.
(Jerusalem.) ^D John IX. 1-41. [Some look upon the events in this and the next section as occurring at the Feast of Tabernacles in October, others think they occurred at the Feast of Dedication in December, deriving their point of time from John x. 22.] ^d 1 And as he passed by, he saw a man blind from his birth. [The man probably sought to waken compassion by repeatedly stating this fact to passers-by.] 2 And his disciples asked him, saying, Rabbi, who sinned, this man, or his parents, that he should …
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

"And the Life. " How Christ is the Life.
This, as the former, being spoken indefinitely, may be universally taken, as relating both to such as are yet in the state of nature, and to such as are in the state of grace, and so may be considered in reference to both, and ground three points of truth, both in reference to the one, and in reference to the other; to wit, 1. That our case is such as we stand in need of his help, as being the Life. 2. That no other way but by him, can we get that supply of life, which we stand in need of, for he …
John Brown (of Wamphray)—Christ The Way, The Truth, and The Life

"Now the End of the Commandment," &C.
1 Tim. i. 5.--"Now the end of the commandment," &c. We come now, as was proposed, to observe, Thirdly,(474) That faith unfeigned is the only thing which gives the answer of a good conscience towards God. Conscience, in general, is nothing else but a practical knowledge of the rule a man should walk by, and of himself in reference to that rule. It is the laying down a man's state, and condition, and actions beside the rule of God's word, or the principles of nature's light. It is the chief piece …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

"Thou Shall Keep Him in Perfect Peace, Whose Mind is Stayed on Thee, Because He Trusteth in Thee. "
Isaiah xxvi. 3.--"Thou shall keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee, because he trusteth in thee." All men love to have privileges above others. Every one is upon the design and search after some well-being, since Adam lost that which was true happiness. We all agree upon the general notion of it, but presently men divide in the following of particulars. Here all men are united in seeking after some good; something to satisfy their souls, and satiate their desires. Nay, but they …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

The Authority and Utility of the Scriptures
2 Tim. iii. 16.--"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness." We told you that there was nothing more necessary to know than what our end is, and what the way is that leads to that end. We see the most part of men walking at random,--running an uncertain race,--because they do not propose unto themselves a certain scope to aim at, and whither to direct their whole course. According to men's particular …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

An Exposition on the First Ten Chapters of Genesis, and Part of the Eleventh
An unfinished commentary on the Bible, found among the author's papers after his death, in his own handwriting; and published in 1691, by Charles Doe, in a folio volume of the works of John Bunyan. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR Being in company with an enlightened society of Protestant dissenters of the Baptist denomination, I observed to a doctor of divinity, who was advancing towards his seventieth year, that my time had been delightfully engaged with John Bunyan's commentary on Genesis. "What," …
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

I Will Pray with the Spirit and with the Understanding Also-
OR, A DISCOURSE TOUCHING PRAYER; WHEREIN IS BRIEFLY DISCOVERED, 1. WHAT PRAYER IS. 2. WHAT IT IS TO PRAY WITH THE SPIRIT. 3. WHAT IT IS TO PRAY WITH THE SPIRIT AND WITH THE UNDERSTANDING ALSO. WRITTEN IN PRISON, 1662. PUBLISHED, 1663. "For we know not what we should pray for as we ought:--the Spirit--helpeth our infirmities" (Rom 8:26). ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. There is no subject of more solemn importance to human happiness than prayer. It is the only medium of intercourse with heaven. "It is …
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

How Christ is the Way in General, "I am the Way. "
We come now to speak more particularly to the words; and, first, Of his being a way. Our design being to point at the way of use-making of Christ in all our necessities, straits, and difficulties which are in our way to heaven; and particularly to point out the way how believers should make use of Christ in all their particular exigencies; and so live by faith in him, walk in him, grow up in him, advance and march forward toward glory in him. It will not be amiss to speak of this fulness of Christ …
John Brown (of Wamphray)—Christ The Way, The Truth, and The Life

Proverbs
Many specimens of the so-called Wisdom Literature are preserved for us in the book of Proverbs, for its contents are by no means confined to what we call proverbs. The first nine chapters constitute a continuous discourse, almost in the manner of a sermon; and of the last two chapters, ch. xxx. is largely made up of enigmas, and xxxi. is in part a description of the good housewife. All, however, are rightly subsumed under the idea of wisdom, which to the Hebrew had always moral relations. The Hebrew …
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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