Proverbs 10:28

The hope of the righteous is joy, but the expectations of the wicked will perish.

Study Bible

The hope of the righteous
The phrase "The hope of the righteous" speaks to the confident expectation that those who live in accordance with God's will possess. The Hebrew word for "hope" is "תִּקְוָה" (tiqvah), which implies a cord or attachment, symbolizing a strong and secure expectation. In the biblical context, hope is not a mere wish but a firm assurance based on God's promises. The "righteous" are those who are in right standing with God, living lives that reflect His character and commandments. Historically, the righteous in Israel were those who adhered to the Law and sought to live in a covenant relationship with Yahweh. This hope is deeply rooted in the faithfulness of God, who is unchanging and true to His word.

will be gladness
The phrase "will be gladness" indicates the outcome of the hope of the righteous. The Hebrew word for "gladness" is "שִׂמְחָה" (simchah), which conveys joy, mirth, and rejoicing. This gladness is not merely an emotional response but a profound state of being that arises from the fulfillment of God's promises. In the scriptural context, gladness is often associated with the presence of God and the blessings that come from living in alignment with His will. The righteous experience this gladness as a result of their hope being realized, reflecting the joy that comes from a life lived in harmony with God's purposes.

but the expectations of the wicked
The contrast here is stark, as "the expectations of the wicked" are set against the hope of the righteous. The Hebrew word for "expectations" is "תִּקְוָה" (tiqvah), the same word used for "hope," but in this context, it carries a negative connotation. The "wicked" are those who live in opposition to God's ways, characterized by moral corruption and rebellion against divine law. Historically, the wicked were those who rejected the covenant and pursued their own desires, often at the expense of others. Their expectations are based on temporal and self-serving desires, lacking the foundation of God's promises.

will perish
The phrase "will perish" denotes the ultimate fate of the wicked's expectations. The Hebrew word "אָבַד" (avad) means to be lost, destroyed, or to vanish. This perishing is not merely physical death but a complete and utter loss of hope and purpose. In the biblical narrative, perishing is often associated with divine judgment and the consequences of living apart from God's will. The expectations of the wicked are fleeting and ultimately lead to disappointment and ruin, as they are not grounded in the eternal truths of God's word. This serves as a sobering reminder of the futility of a life lived apart from God and the enduring nature of the hope found in righteousness.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Righteous
In the context of Proverbs, the righteous are those who live according to God's laws and principles. They are characterized by their faithfulness, integrity, and moral uprightness.

2. The Wicked
This term refers to those who live in opposition to God's ways. They are often depicted as deceitful, unjust, and morally corrupt.

3. Solomon
Traditionally considered the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. His proverbs are intended to impart wisdom and understanding.

4. Ancient Israel
The cultural and historical backdrop of Proverbs, where wisdom literature was a key component of teaching and moral instruction.

5. Hope and Expectation
These are central themes in this verse, contrasting the outcomes of the righteous and the wicked. Hope is associated with joy for the righteous, while expectation leads to perishing for the wicked.

Teaching Points

The Nature of Hope
Biblical hope is not wishful thinking but a confident expectation based on God's promises. The righteous can have joy because their hope is secure in God.

The Consequences of Wickedness
The expectations of the wicked are ultimately futile. This serves as a warning to avoid living in opposition to God's ways.

Joy as a Fruit of Righteousness
True joy is a byproduct of living a life aligned with God's will. It is not dependent on circumstances but on the assurance of God's faithfulness.

The Importance of Righteous Living
This proverb encourages believers to pursue righteousness, knowing that it leads to a hopeful and joyful future.

Eternal Perspective
The verse reminds us to focus on eternal outcomes rather than temporary gains, as the righteous will experience everlasting joy.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of hope in Proverbs 10:28 differ from the world's understanding of hope?

2. In what ways can we cultivate righteousness in our daily lives to experience the joy mentioned in this verse?

3. Reflect on a time when your expectations did not align with God's will. How did that experience shape your understanding of this proverb?

4. How can the assurance of joy for the righteous encourage us during difficult times?

5. What other scriptures can you find that reinforce the idea of hope and joy for the righteous? How do they deepen your understanding of Proverbs 10:28?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 37:37-38
This passage contrasts the future of the blameless and the wicked, similar to Proverbs 10:28, emphasizing peace for the righteous and destruction for the wicked.

Romans 15:13
This verse speaks of the God of hope filling believers with joy and peace, aligning with the idea that the hope of the righteous is joy.

Matthew 7:24-27
Jesus' parable of the wise and foolish builders illustrates the outcomes of living according to God's word versus ignoring it, paralleling the themes of hope and perishing.