Numbers 22:12

But God said to Balaam, "Do not go with them. You are not to curse this people, for they are blessed."

Study Bible

But God said
The phrase "But God said" introduces a divine intervention, emphasizing the sovereignty and authority of God in the narrative. In Hebrew, the word for God here is "Elohim," which underscores His power and majesty. This phrase sets the stage for a direct communication from God, highlighting the importance of divine guidance over human intentions. Historically, this reflects the belief in a God who is actively involved in the affairs of His people, providing direction and correction.

to Balaam
Balaam is a complex figure, a non-Israelite prophet or diviner, whose account is interwoven with themes of obedience and the power of God's word. His name in Hebrew, "Bil'am," can mean "not of the people" or "destroyer of the people," which may reflect his ambiguous role. Archaeological findings, such as inscriptions from Deir Alla, suggest that Balaam was a well-known figure in the ancient Near East, adding historical depth to his character in the biblical narrative.

Do not go with them
This command is clear and unequivocal. The Hebrew verb "halak" (to go) is used here, indicating movement or journey. God's instruction to Balaam not to accompany the emissaries of Balak underscores the importance of obedience to divine will. It reflects a broader biblical theme where God's people are often called to separate themselves from ungodly influences, emphasizing holiness and faithfulness.

You are not to curse this people
The prohibition against cursing "this people" refers to the Israelites. The Hebrew word for curse, "arar," implies invoking harm or misfortune. In the ancient world, words were believed to have powerful effects, and a curse was a serious matter. God's command to refrain from cursing His people highlights His protective covenant with Israel, affirming their status as His chosen ones.

for they are blessed
The declaration "for they are blessed" is a profound affirmation of God's favor upon Israel. The Hebrew word "barak" (to bless) conveys a sense of endowment with prosperity, protection, and divine favor. This blessing is rooted in the Abrahamic covenant, where God promised to bless Abraham's descendants. It serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the irrevocable nature of His promises, inspiring believers to trust in God's enduring commitment to His people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Balaam
A non-Israelite prophet or diviner known for his ability to bless or curse. He is approached by Balak to curse the Israelites.

2. God (Yahweh)
The one true God who communicates directly with Balaam, instructing him not to curse the Israelites.

3. Balak
The king of Moab who fears the Israelites and seeks Balaam's help to curse them.

4. The Israelites
God's chosen people, whom He has blessed and protected throughout their journey from Egypt to the Promised Land.

5. Moab
The region ruled by Balak, where the Israelites are encamped, causing concern for the Moabites.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty and Protection
God’s command to Balaam not to curse the Israelites highlights His sovereign control over all situations. Believers can trust that God is in control and will protect His people from harm.

The Power of Blessing
The Israelites are described as blessed, which is a powerful state of being under God's favor. Christians are encouraged to seek God's blessing and live in a way that aligns with His will.

Obedience to God's Word
Balaam is instructed not to go with Balak's messengers. This teaches the importance of obedience to God's commands, even when faced with external pressures or temptations.

God's Faithfulness to His Promises
The protection of Israel is a testament to God's faithfulness to His covenant promises. Believers can find assurance in the fact that God remains faithful to His promises today.

Discernment in Spiritual Matters
Balaam's encounter with God serves as a reminder to seek discernment and wisdom in spiritual matters, ensuring that one's actions align with God's will.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does God's instruction to Balaam in Numbers 22:12 reflect His covenant promise to Abraham in Genesis 12:3?

2. In what ways can we see God's protection over His people in our lives today, similar to His protection over the Israelites?

3. What are some practical steps we can take to ensure we are living under God's blessing and favor?

4. How can we develop discernment to recognize when we are being tempted to go against God's will, as Balaam was?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's faithfulness to His promises. How did that impact your faith journey?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 12:3
God's promise to Abraham that He will bless those who bless him and curse those who curse him, establishing the foundation for why the Israelites are blessed.

Deuteronomy 23:5
A reflection on how God turned Balaam's intended curse into a blessing for Israel, emphasizing God's protective nature over His people.

Psalm 109:28
A reminder that even when others curse, God can turn it into a blessing, showcasing His sovereignty and power.

Romans 8:31
The assurance that if God is for us, no one can be against us, reinforcing the idea of divine protection and blessing.