Leviticus 11:10

But the following among all the teeming life and creatures in the water are detestable to you: everything in the seas or streams that does not have fins and scales.

Study Bible

But anything in the seas or rivers
This phrase sets the geographical and environmental context for the dietary laws being discussed. The "seas" and "rivers" refer to all bodies of water, both saltwater and freshwater. In the ancient Near Eastern context, these bodies of water were sources of sustenance and life. The Hebrew word for "seas" is "yam," which often symbolizes chaos and the unknown in biblical literature. The "rivers," or "nahar" in Hebrew, were vital for agriculture and daily life, representing God's provision and blessing. This phrase indicates that God's laws encompass all aspects of creation, emphasizing His sovereignty over both the chaotic and the life-giving elements of the world.

that does not have fins and scales
The requirement for "fins and scales" is a specific criterion for determining clean and unclean aquatic creatures. The Hebrew words "snapir" (fins) and "qaskeset" (scales) are used here. Fins and scales are physical characteristics that distinguish certain fish, symbolizing discernment and separation. In a spiritual sense, this can be seen as a call for believers to exercise discernment in their choices, adhering to God's standards. The physical attributes of fins and scales can also be seen as a metaphor for spiritual protection and guidance, much like how these features protect and guide fish in their aquatic environment.

among all the swarming things and other living creatures in the water
This phrase broadens the scope of the dietary law to include all "swarming things" and "living creatures" in the water. The Hebrew word "sherets" refers to small, rapidly moving creatures, often associated with impurity due to their chaotic and unpredictable nature. This highlights the importance of order and purity in God's creation. The phrase underscores the comprehensive nature of God's commandments, covering all forms of life in the water. It serves as a reminder of the need for holiness and separation from anything that defiles, reflecting God's call for His people to be distinct and set apart.

is detestable to you
The term "detestable" is translated from the Hebrew word "sheqets," which conveys a strong sense of revulsion and rejection. This word is often used in the context of idolatry and moral impurity, emphasizing the seriousness of adhering to God's standards. The use of "detestable" indicates that these dietary laws are not merely about physical health but are deeply connected to spiritual purity and obedience. It serves as a reminder that God's people are called to reject what is unclean and embrace holiness in all aspects of life. This phrase challenges believers to examine their own lives and ensure that they are not harboring anything that is spiritually detestable, encouraging a life of purity and devotion to God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God to instruct the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, to whom the laws of clean and unclean animals were given.

3. The Sea and Rivers
Natural bodies of water mentioned as habitats for aquatic creatures, some of which are deemed unclean.

4. Clean and Unclean Animals
A classification system given by God to the Israelites to distinguish between what is permissible and impermissible to eat.

5. The Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites received the law, emphasizing their need for guidance and holiness.

Teaching Points

Holiness and Distinction
The dietary laws were given to set the Israelites apart as a holy nation. As believers, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites were to obey God's laws as an act of worship and trust. Today, we are called to obey God's Word, trusting in His wisdom and sovereignty.

Understanding God's Creation
Recognizing the order and purpose in God's creation helps us appreciate His design and care for all living things.

Spiritual Cleanliness
While the Old Testament laws focused on physical cleanliness, the New Testament emphasizes spiritual cleanliness through Christ.

Cultural and Contextual Relevance
Understanding the cultural context of these laws helps us apply biblical principles to our lives today, recognizing the shift from law to grace.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the dietary laws in Leviticus 11:10 reflect God's desire for His people to be set apart?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of holiness in our daily lives, beyond dietary restrictions?

3. How does the New Testament teaching on clean and unclean foods (e.g., Acts 10) influence our understanding of Leviticus 11:10?

4. What are some modern-day "unclean" influences that we should avoid to maintain spiritual purity?

5. How can we balance cultural traditions with biblical teachings in our pursuit of holiness?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 1:21
This verse describes God's creation of sea creatures, establishing the context for their existence and purpose.

Deuteronomy 14:9-10
Reiterates the dietary laws concerning aquatic creatures, emphasizing consistency in God's instructions.

Acts 10:9-16
Peter's vision challenges the traditional Jewish dietary laws, showing a shift in understanding through Christ.

1 Corinthians 10:31
Encourages believers to do everything for the glory of God, including dietary choices.

Mark 7:18-19
Jesus teaches that it is not what goes into a person that defiles them, but what comes out, indicating a deeper spiritual principle.