Joshua 18:22
Beth-arabah, Zemaraim, Bethel,
Beth-arabah
The name "Beth-arabah" translates to "house of the desert" or "house of the plain." This location is situated in the wilderness of Judah, near the Dead Sea. The Hebrew root "beth" means "house," and "arabah" refers to a desert or dry region. Historically, this area was part of the boundary lines for the tribe of Benjamin. The mention of Beth-arabah signifies the inclusion of even the most desolate and barren places within God's promised inheritance to His people. It serves as a reminder that God's provision and presence extend to all areas of life, even those that seem lifeless or challenging.

Zemaraim
Zemaraim is a lesser-known location, and its exact historical and geographical details are somewhat obscure. The name may derive from a root meaning "double fleece" or "double wool," suggesting a place of abundance or richness. In the context of the tribal allotments, Zemaraim represents the diversity and richness of the land God provided to the Israelites. It also highlights the importance of every part of the land, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant, in the fulfillment of God's promises. This can inspire believers to recognize the value and purpose in every aspect of their lives, trusting that God has a plan for each part.

Bethel
Bethel, meaning "house of God," is a significant location in biblical history. It is the site where Jacob had his vision of the ladder reaching to heaven (Genesis 28:10-19) and where he later returned to build an altar to God (Genesis 35:1-7). Bethel became a central place of worship and a symbol of God's presence and faithfulness. In the context of Joshua 18:22, Bethel's inclusion in the land allotment underscores the spiritual heritage and divine connection that the Israelites were to maintain. It serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of worship and the centrality of God's presence in the life of His people. For contemporary believers, Bethel symbolizes the call to prioritize a relationship with God and to seek His presence in all areas of life.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Beth-arabah
A town located in the wilderness of Judah, near the Dead Sea. It was part of the territory allotted to the tribe of Benjamin. The name means "house of the desert" or "house of the plain," indicating its geographical setting.

2. Zemaraim
A town in the hill country of Ephraim, also within the territory of Benjamin. It is associated with the historical context of the division of the land among the tribes of Israel.

3. Bethel
A significant city in biblical history, Bethel means "house of God." It was a central location for worship and a place where God appeared to Jacob. It is located in the territory of Benjamin and has deep spiritual and historical significance.
Teaching Points
God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment
The allocation of land to the tribes of Israel, including the towns mentioned in Joshua 18:22, demonstrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises. Just as God was faithful to Israel, He remains faithful to His promises to us today.

Significance of Place in Worship
Bethel's history as a place of divine encounter reminds us of the importance of setting aside places and times for worship and meeting with God. It challenges us to create "Bethels" in our own lives where we can encounter God.

Guarding Against Idolatry
The later history of Bethel as a center of idolatry serves as a warning to guard our hearts against anything that might take the place of God in our lives. We must remain vigilant in our worship and devotion.

Inheritance and Identity
The division of the land among the tribes of Israel speaks to the importance of inheritance and identity. As believers, we have an inheritance in Christ that defines our identity and purpose.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the allocation of land to the tribe of Benjamin, including towns like Beth-arabah, Zemaraim, and Bethel, reflect God's faithfulness to His promises?

2. In what ways can we create "Bethels" in our own lives, places where we intentionally meet with God and seek His presence?

3. Considering Bethel's later history as a center of idolatry, what steps can we take to guard our hearts against modern-day idols?

4. How does understanding our spiritual inheritance in Christ shape our identity and purpose as believers?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's faithfulness in your life. How can this encourage you in your current circumstances?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 28
Bethel is where Jacob had his dream of the ladder reaching to heaven, marking it as a place of divine encounter and promise.

1 Kings 12
Bethel becomes a center of idolatrous worship under King Jeroboam, highlighting the tension between true worship and idolatry.

Joshua 15
The allocation of land to the tribes of Israel, including the mention of Beth-arabah, provides context for the division of the land and God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the descendants of Abraham.
Joshua's RemonstranceR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Joshua 18:1-28
Religion in the New LandW. G. Blaikie, D. D.Joshua 18:1-28
Slack to PossessW. Seaton.Joshua 18:1-28
People
Addar, Ben, Benjamin, Bohan, Ephron, Gad, Gibeon, Hoglah, Israelites, Joseph, Joshua, Levites, Manasseh, Ophrah, Rekem, Reuben
Places
Adummim, Arabah, Ataroth-addar, Avvim, Beeroth, Beth-arabah, Beth-aven, Bethel, Beth-hoglah, Beth-horon, Emek-keziz, En-rogel, En-shemesh, Ephron, Geba, Geliloth, Gibeah, Gibeon, Haeleph, Irpeel, Jebus, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jordan River, Kiriath-baal, Kiriath-jearim, Luz, Mizpeh, Mozah, Nephtoah, Ophni, Ophrah, Parah, Ramah, Rekem, Salt Sea, Shiloh, Taralah, Valley of Hinnom, Valley of Rephaim, Zela, Zemaraim
Topics
Arabah, Beth, Betharabah, Beth-arabah, Bethel, Beth-el, Zemaraim, Zemara'im
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 18:11-28

     5235   boundary

Library
The Northern Coast of Judea. Beth-Horon.
This coast is marked out Joshua 18:12; where, at verse 14, are very many versions to be corrected, which render the sea; such are, the Syriac, the Seventy, the Vulgar, the Italian, ours, &c.: whence ariseth a sense of insuperable difficulty to a chorographical eye: when it should, indeed, be rendered of the west, as the Chaldee, Arabic, R. Solomon, &c. rightly do. We read of a double Beth-horon in the Old Testament, but one only under the second Temple... At that place that great Canaanitish army
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Ramah. Ramathaim Zophim. Gibeah.
There was a certain Ramah, in the tribe of Benjamin, Joshua 18:25, and that within sight of Jerusalem, as it seems, Judges 19:13; where it is named with Gibeah:--and elsewhere, Hosea 5:8; which towns were not much distant. See 1 Samuel 22:6; "Saul sat in Gibeah, under a grove in Ramah." Here the Gemarists trifle: "Whence is it (say they) that Ramah is placed near Gibea? To hint to you, that the speech of Samuel of Ramah was the cause, why Saul remained two years and a half in Gibeah." They blindly
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Beth-El. Beth-Aven.
Josephus thus describes the land of Benjamin; "The Benjamites' portion of land was from the river Jordan to the sea, in length: in breadth, it was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." Let these last words be marked, "The breadth of the land of Benjamin was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." May we not justly conclude, from these words, that Jerusalem and Beth-el were opposite, as it were, in a right line? But if you look upon the maps, there are some that separate these by a very large tract of land,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Retiring Before the Sanhedrin's Decree.
(Jerusalem and Ephraim in Judæa.) ^D John XI. 47-54. ^d 47 The chief priests therefore and the Pharisees gathered a council [called a meeting of the Sanhedrin], and said, What do we? [Thus they reproach one another for having done nothing in a present and urgent crisis. As two of their number (Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathæa) were afterwards in communications with Christians, it was easy for the disciples to find out what occurred on this notable occasion.] for this man doeth many signs.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Flight into Egypt and Slaughter of the Bethlehem Children.
(Bethlehem and Road Thence to Egypt, b.c. 4.) ^A Matt. II. 13-18. ^a 13 Now when they were departed [The text favors the idea that the arrival and departure of the magi and the departure of Joseph for Egypt, all occurred in one night. If so, the people of Bethlehem knew nothing of these matters], behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise [this command calls for immediate departure] and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt [This land was ever the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. Elementary Schools, Schoolmasters, and School Arrangements.
If a faithful picture of society in ancient Greece or Rome were to be presented to view, it is not easy to believe that even they who now most oppose the Bible could wish their aims success. For this, at any rate, may be asserted, without fear of gainsaying, that no other religion than that of the Bible has proved competent to control an advanced, or even an advancing, state of civilisation. Every other bound has been successively passed and submerged by the rising tide; how deep only the student
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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